Upscaling of Solute Plumes in Periodic Porous Media Through a Trajectory‐Based Spatial Markov Model

Janetti, Emanuela Bianchi; Sherman, Thomas; Guédon, Gaël Raymond; Bolster, Diogo; Porta, Giovanni

doi:10.1029/2020wr028408

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…In this study, we applied Markov models in both an idealized and realistic open‐channel system, and found good agreement between predictions and measurements from experiments/simulations. Given recent extensions to complex two‐ and three‐dimensional systems in other settings such as transport through porous media, we speculate that it may be possible to extend the use of Markov models to other more complex flows, such as for example, coastal ones (Bianchi Janetti et al., 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Markovian Models for Microplastic Transport in Open‐Channel Flows

Xing

Bolster

Liu

et al. 2022

Water Resources Research

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Plastic is used extensively in products used in our daily lives due to attributes such as portability, flexibilty, economy, toughness, and resistance to corrosion. However, some attributes, such as a long lifetime and persistence, can cause environmental issues, including adverse impacts on water systems. It has been estimated that between 4.8 and 12.7 million metric tons of plastic debris entered the marine ecosystem in 2010 (Jambeck et al., 2015). Much of this has or takes the form of plastic particles smaller than 5 mm in size-classified as microplastics (Arthur et al., 2008)-which are potentially toxic in an aquatic environment and a major concern of environmental researchers (Gong & Xie, 2020;Sighicelli et al., 2018;Zhang et al., 2017). Indeed, many studies have demonstrated microplastic detection in surface waters (Zhao et al., 2015), water columns (Nel & Froneman, 2015), and surrounding sediments (Browne et al., 2011). In particular, flows in riverine systems are an important pathway for microplastic pollution (Murphy et al., 2016), which can persist for decades due to plastics' natural longevity, and other hazardous substances (e.g., heavy metals, organic pollutants) can be released during the aging of plastic debris (Koelmans et al., 2014). Furthermore, other toxins and pollutants can be absorbed by microplastics, which act as carriers to enable transport over much longer distances than in their absence (Guo et al., 2012;Hüffer & Hofmann, 2016). Physical properties, such as density or shape, of microplastics detected in water may vary significantly depending on the category of polymer and duration of its exposure in the environment (Khatmullina & Isachenko, 2017). These properties play an important role on how microplastics interact with the flow (e.g., buoyancy, drag) (Xuan & Jwa, 2019). As an important example, polyethylene (PE, ρ p = 0.956 kg/m 3 ) in many forms is widely used in the manufacturing of film, packaging materials, containers and other common uses. In recent years, PE has become the largest category of the total plastic production, accounting for 36% (Geyer et al., 2017). PE particles extensively exist in water ways and migration through surface waters has been determined to be significant (Teng et al., 2020). While generally microplastics can come in various shapes, the dominant shape of PE particles is as a roughly spherical or cylindrical piece of plastic debris (Li et al., 2021), shown as Figure 1.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%