Upstaging in Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer: Risk Factors and Effect on Survival

Abstract

10% of patients with a 30-day complication had another complication between 30 and 90 days compared with 2% of patients without an early complication (odds ratio [OR] 5.21; 95% CI, 4.06 to 6.69; p < 0.001) (Table ). Risk of 30-day mortality was higher in patients with liver failure (35% vs 1%; OR 90.79; 95% CI, 50.56 to 163.04; p < .001), cardiac arrest (53% vs 1%; OR 133.73; 95% CI, 49.66 to 360.16; p < .001), hemorrhage (6% vs 1%; OR 6.51; 95% CI, 2.30 to 18.47; p < 0.001), and abscess (3% vs 1%; OR 4.22; 95% CI, 2.37 to 7.53; p < 0.001) compared with those without complications. Failure to rescure for liver failure, cardiac arrest, abscess, bile leak, and hemorrhage was 35%, 53%, 3%, 0%, and 6%, respectively.