Tailings, produced when rock is crushed to recover metals, are normally discharged as slurry of predominantly siltsized particles into storage areas that are created using dams. These dams have a poor safety record with billions of dollars in damages over the past decade alone, making reliable engineering of silt an important economic and safety issue for the mining industry. Equally, engineering of silts is challenging, as understanding of soil behaviour relates mostly to 'sands' or 'clays'. Undisturbed silt samples suffer substantial densification between sampling, transfer to element test and reinstatement of in situ stresses. Hence, silts require a sand-like approach that combines laboratory tests on reconstituted samples with in situ cone penetration test (CPT) soundings. This paper presents calibrated spherical cavity expansion in a general critical-state soil model to simulate the CPT in silt. The developed methodology is numerical, accurately captures calibration data and allows determination of the in situ state parameter in silts from CPT data. A validation is presented for a large tailing impoundment using stacked thickened tailings. Open-source software implementing the methodology is provided on the journal website as supplementary material.