Uptake and effects of different concentrations of spherical polymer microparticles on Artemia franciscana

Peixoto, Diogo; Amorim, João; Pinheiro, Carlos; Oliva-Teles, Luís; Varó, Inmaculada; Rocha, Renato de Medeiros; Vieira, Maria Natividade

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.100

Cited by 38 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The very high particle concentration used for this study is not representative of environmental concentrations but was chosen to maximize interactions between particles and organisms. The microbead ingestion (30 particle/individual on average) observed in the absence of a food source is therefore not surprising and has previously been observed (Batel et al, 2016;Peixoto et al, 2019). The observed microbead retention time was also longer than normal retention time for Artemia (48 h, determined with food).…”

Section: Particle Ingestion and Retention Time In Artemiasupporting

confidence: 66%

Synthetic Microfiber and Microbead Exposure and Retention Time in Model Aquatic Species Under Different Exposure Scenarios

Bour

Hossain

Taylor

et al. 2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Synthetic microfibers have been reported in most aquatic environments and represent a large proportion of environmental microplastics. However, they remain largely underrepresented in microplastic ecotoxicity studies. The present study aims to investigate particle interaction with, and retention time in, aquatic organisms comparing microfibers, and microbeads. We used brine shrimp (Artemia sp.) and fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) as invertebrate and vertebrate models, respectively. Organisms were exposed to a mixture of microbeads (polyethylene, 27-32 µm) and microfibers (dope dyed polyester; 500 µm-long) for 2 h, at high concentrations (100,000 part./L) in order to maximize organism-particles interaction. Artemia were exposed in the presence or absence of food. Fish were exposed either via the trophic route or directly via water, and water exposures were performed either in freshwater or seawater. In the absence of food, Artemia ingested high numbers of microbeads, retained in their digestive tract for up to 96 h. Microfiber ingestion was very limited, and its egestion was fast. In the presence of food, no microfiber was ingested, microbead ingestion was limited, and egestion was fast (48 h). Limited particle ingestion was observed in fish exposed via water, and particle retention time in gut did not exceed 48 h, both for direct and trophic exposure. However, water exposures resulted in a higher number of particles present in gills, and average retention time was higher in gills, compared to gut. This suggests that gills are organs susceptible to microplastic exposure and should be taken into account in fish exposure and effect studies. Our results show that particle ingestion and retention by organisms differ between microbeads and microfibers, suggesting particle selection based on size, shape, and/or color and species-specific selective feeding. We also showed that the presence of food results in limited particle ingestion and retention in Artemia and that microbeads are more likely to be transferred to organisms from upper trophic levels than microfibers. Finally, fish exposure to particles was not significantly different between freshwater and seawater conditions.

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Section: Particle Ingestion and Retention Time In Artemiasupporting

confidence: 66%

Synthetic Microfiber and Microbead Exposure and Retention Time in Model Aquatic Species Under Different Exposure Scenarios

Bour

Hossain

Taylor

et al. 2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…These results are supported by previous MPs exposure studies in brine shrimp Artemia (Ates et al 2013a(Ates et al , 2013bBergami et al 2017;Gambardella et al 2014;Kokalj et al 2018;Mesarič et al 2015;Peixoto et al 2019a;Suman et al 2020;Varó et al 2019;Wang et al 2019) and in other zooplanktonic species (Cole et al 2015;Cole et al 2013;Coppock et al 2019;Jeong et al 2017). Also, ingested FRM beads are accumulated by both nauplii and juveniles and excreted as faecal pellets (Eom et al 2020;Peixoto et al 2019a;Suman et al 2020). The higher accumulation of FRM particles observed in nauplii is in line with the results found by Suman et al (2020), who describe higher accumulation of polystyrene microplastics in naupliar stages compared to adults, after chronic exposure (14 days).…”

Section: Frm Ingestion and Feeding Behavioursupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Previous studies have confirmed the presence of microplastics inside of the gut and their adherence on the organisms' surface at different stages in brine shrimp Artemia, after short-and long-term exposure (Kim et al 2021;Kokalj et al 2018;Peixoto et al 2019a;Suman et al 2020). It is known that Artemia, as non-selective filter-feeder, has the ability to ingest particles smaller than 50 μm readily.…”

Section: Frm Ingestion and Feeding Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 81%

Effect of short-term exposure to fluorescent red polymer microspheres on Artemia franciscana nauplii and juveniles

Peixoto

Torreblanca

Pereira

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitously present in the world’s seas with unknown potential toxic effects on aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this study was to evaluate biochemical responses caused by 1–5 μm diameter plastic fluorescent red polymer microspheres (FRM), under short-term exposure of nauplii and juveniles of Artemia franciscana, using a set of biomarkers involved in important physiological processes such as biotransformation, neuronal transmission and oxidative stress. Two FRM concentrations (0.4 and 1.6 mg mL−1) present in the water at ecologically relevant concentrations were used to study their toxicity. No significant differences were found in growth, survival and feeding behaviour of nauplii, after 2 days of exposure to both FRM concentrations. However, in juveniles, survival decreased after 5 days of exposure to FRM1.6; but no significant differences were found in either growth or feeding behaviour. It was observed that nauplii and juveniles, under short-term exposure, had the ability to ingest and egest FRM particles, although their accumulation was higher in nauplii than in juveniles, maybe related with the capacity of the latter to empty their gut content faster, in the presence of food. Regarding biomarkers responses in nauplii, all enzymatic activities increased significantly, after short-term exposure to the higher FRM concentration tested (FRM1.6), which could be related with detoxifying MPs-triggered oxidative stress. In juveniles, the inhibition of ChE and the decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, after 5 days of exposure to FRM1.6, might indicate a neurotoxic effect and oxidative damage induced by FRM. This study provides further evidences that accumulation of MPs in the gut by nauplii and juveniles of A. franciscana can induce negative effects on important physiological processes with influence on their health, highlighting the general concern about the negative effects of MPs pollution on aquatic species, as well as the need to understand the mechanism of MPs toxicity and its possible impacts on environmental safety.

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“…Artemia nauplii is capable of ingesting MP beads ranging from 1 to 20 μm, and even bigger (Batel et al, 2016;Cole et al, 2016). A recent report suggested that there were no signifi cant detrimental eff ects on growth and survival after a 14-d exposure to MP with 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 mg/L at 25 °C, and Artemia can ingest and egest MPs when continuously exposed to these concentrations (Peixoto et al, 2019). However, our study found that MP had signifi cant eff ects on the survival rate of Artemia after 14-d exposure, and survival rate and body length were signifi cantly decreased at 30 °C and 2.0-mg/L MP concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of polystyrene microplastics and temperature on growth, intestinal histology and immune responses of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana

et al. 2020

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Microplastics pollution and seawater temperature rise have been the major environmental issues, threatening the survival and biodiversity of marine organisms. This study evaluated the combined eff ect of temperature and polystyrene microplastics (MP) on Artemia , a fi lter-feeding crustacean that is widely used for environmental toxicology studies. Brine shrimp Artemia franciscana were exposed to three MP concentrations (0, 0.2, and 2.0 mg/L) and three temperatures (22, 26, and 30 °C) for 14 d. In general, higher MP concentration and temperature led to a decreased survival rate and growth. Two-way ANOVA analysis indicated that the survival rate of Artemia was signifi cantly impacted by both MP concentration and temperature ( P <0.05), but there was no signifi cant interaction between two factors ( P >0.05). Growth of Artemia was signifi cantly impacted by temperature ( P <0.05), and with a signifi cant interaction between two factors ( P <0.05). Furthermore, the enzymatic activity, intestinal histological analyses, and immune gene expression were determined for Artemia reared at 30 °C with three MP concentrations (0, 0.2, and 2.0 mg/L). The results showed that 2.0-mg/L MP resulted in reduced Artemia intestinal microvilli and exfoliated epithelia cells, signifi cantly increased acid phosphatase (ACP) activity ( P <0.05) and immunerelated gene ADRA1B and CREB3 expression, revealing that higher MP concentration could induce oxidative and immunological stress on Artemia at 30 °C. Overall, our study suggests that MP and temperature have combined adverse eff ect on Artemia , especially at relatively high temperature and polystyrene MP concentration. These fi ndings are important to understand the potential ecological risks posed by these two factors on the organisms in marine environment.

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Uptake and effects of different concentrations of spherical polymer microparticles on Artemia franciscana

Cited by 38 publications

References 75 publications

Synthetic Microfiber and Microbead Exposure and Retention Time in Model Aquatic Species Under Different Exposure Scenarios

Synthetic Microfiber and Microbead Exposure and Retention Time in Model Aquatic Species Under Different Exposure Scenarios

Effect of short-term exposure to fluorescent red polymer microspheres on Artemia franciscana nauplii and juveniles

Effect of polystyrene microplastics and temperature on growth, intestinal histology and immune responses of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana

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