Uptake and utilization of n‐octacosane and n‐nonacosane by Arthrobacter nicotianae KCC B35

Abstract

Arthrobacter nicotianae KCC B35 isolated from blue-green mats densely covering oil sediments along the Arabian Gulf coast grew well on C10 to C40 n-alkanes as sole sources of carbon and energy. Growth on C20 to C40 alkanes was even better than on C10 to C18 alkanes. Biomass samples incubated for 6 h with n-octacosane (C28) or n-nonacosane (C29) accumulated these compounds as the predominant constituent alkanes of the cell hydrocarbon fractions. The even chain hexadecane C16 and the odd chain pentadecane C15 were the second dominant constituent alkanes in C28 and C29 incubated cells, respectively. n-Hexadecane-incubated cells accumulated in their lipids higher proportions of C16-fatty acids than control cells not incubated with hydrocarbons. On the other hand, C28 and C29-incubated cells did not contain any fatty acids with the equivalent chain lengths, but the fatty acid patterns of the cell lipids suggest that there should have been mid-chain oxidation of these very long chain alkanes. This activity qualifies A. nicotianae KCC B35 to be used in cocktails for bioremediating environments polluted with heavy oil sediments.

Alkanindiges illinoisensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an obligately hydrocarbonoclastic, aerobic squalane-degrading bacterium isolated from oilfield soils

“…The weakness or absence of growth observed with shorter-chain (C 10 -C 15 ) hydrocarbons is analogous to Arthrobacter nicotianae KCC B35, which grows better on long-chain (C 20 -C 40 ) alkanes than on shorter (C 10 -C 18 ) aliphatic hydrocarbons (Radwan et al, 1996). KCC B35 was isolated from a post-Gulf War environment in which many of the short-chain aliphatic constituents of oil spills had been biodegraded and/or removed via weathering, leaving a disproportionate amount of heavy alkanes.…”

“…Many bacteria degrade aliphatic constituents of crude oils, including straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons up to C 44 (Sakai et al, 1994;Radwan et al, 1996). Branched-chain alkanes, particularly those with anteiso-terminal branching [substitution on carbon atoms that are immediately adjacent to the terminal carbon atom(s)], are much less susceptible to b-oxidation (Schaeffer et al, 1979), and thus more recalcitrant, than their unbranched counterparts.…”

Moderately thermophilic, hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial communities in Kuwaiti desert soil: enhanced activity via Ca2+ and dipicolinic acid amendment

“…Several of the genera recorded in Tables 1, 2 and Online Resources 4, 5 comprise mesophilic species cited in the literature as hydrocarbon utilizers. These include the genera Arthrobacter (Radwan et al 1996;Al-Awadhi et al 2012), Bacillus (Lei et al 2006;Feitkenhauer et al 2003), Fig. 4 Effect of Ca 2+ -concentration on growth (left graphs) and crude oil consumption (right) at 30 (broken lines) and 50 °C (solid) by selected isolates Brevibacillus (Hadad et al 2005), Geobacillus (Poli et al 2012), several haloarchaea (Al-Mailem et al 2010, 2014, Marinobacter (Shieh et al 2003), Mycobacterium and others.…”

Oxidation of solid paraffin (C11−40) byPseudomonas aeruginosa MGP-1

“…Up-to-date, only several Gram-positive bacteria or yeasts have been reported to be able to use solid paraffin, including Acinetobacter spp. (C 13 -C 44 ) (Sakai et al, 1994;Lai and Khanna, 1996;Koma et al, 2001), Arthrobacter nicotianae KCCB35 (C 10 to C 40 ) (Radwan et al, 1996), Rhodococcus sp. Q15 (C 12 to C 32 ) (Whyte et al, 1998), Candida spp.…”