Uptake, tissue distribution and accumulation of microcystin-RR in Corydoras paleatus, Jenynsia multidentata and Odontesthes bonariensis

In situ studies on the bioaccumulation of microcystins in the phytoplanktivorous silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) stocked in Lake Taihu with dense toxic Microcystis blooms

“…Mohamed et al (2003) examined MC content in liver, kidney, gut and muscle of Oreochromis niloticus in an Egyptian fish farm in June. Cazenave et al (2005) detected MC in liver, gill, muscle and brain of Odontesthes bonariensis collected from a reservoir of Argentina on two sampling dates. Xie et al (2005) measured MC in gut, liver, kidney, muscle, blood and bile of eight species of fish in Lake Chaohu of China in September.…”

“…There have been extensive studies on MC bioaccumulation in fishes under laboratory condition (e.g., Råbergh et al, 1991;Williams et al, 1995;Sahin et al, 1996;Kotak et al, 1996;Pflugmacher et al, 1998;Wiegand et al, 1999;Lawrence and Menard, 2001;Malbrouck et al, 2003;Jang et al, 2003;Mohamed and Hussein, 2006;Soares et al, 2004;Li et al, 2005;Xie et al, 2004;Shen et al, 2005;Cazenave et al, 2005Cazenave et al, , 2006. On the other hand, there are only a few studies conducted in field.…”

Bioaccumulation of microcystins (MCs) in four fish species from Lake Taihu, China: Assessment of risks to humans

“…Field studies have been conducted in Brazil (Magalhàes et al, 2001), Egypt (Mohamed et al, 2003), Argentina (Ame et al, 2010) and Portugal (Vasconcelos and Pereira, 2001). Currently, studies of MCs in fish have focused on its accumulation in muscle and liver (Cazenave et al, 2005;Magalhães et al, 2003;Magalhaes et al, 2001;Mohamed et al, 2003) because humans eat the muscle, whereas the liver accumulates the highest concentrations of MCs. However, few studies have simultaneously evaluated multiple fish organs, such as the gut, kidney and heart, which may also accumulate MCs and affect the health of aquatic animals.…”

Responses and toxin bioaccumulation in duckweed (Lemna minor) under microcystin-LR, linear alkybenzene sulfonate and their joint stress

“…MCs are toxic to terrestrial and aquatic organisms [1][2][3][4], as well as humans [5]. MCs can bioaccumulate in the tissues of animals [6,7] and plants [8,9], and thus could be a threat to human health through the food chain. More than 80 variants of MCs have been isolated and identified, with microcystin-LR (MCLR) being the most common and toxic variant [10].…”