1984
DOI: 10.1056/nejm198406073102301
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Uranium Mining and Lung Cancer in Navajo Men

Abstract: We performed a population-based case-control study to examine the association between uranium mining and lung cancer in Navajo men, a predominantly nonsmoking population. The 32 cases included all those occurring among Navajo men between 1969 and 1982, as ascertained by the New Mexico Tumor Registry. For each case in a Navajo man, two controls with nonrespiratory cancer were selected. Of the 32 Navajo patients, 72 per cent had been employed as uranium miners, whereas no controls had documented experience in th… Show more

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Cited by 138 publications
(46 citation statements)
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“…Although multiple risks have been identified, cigarette smoking (and tobacco use) constitutes the greatest risk for lung cancer onset. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Other risk factors have also been linked to lung cancer, including genetic mutations and environmental exposures, such as radon. 19 Radon is a colorless, odorless gas that can become trapped in buildings; it is the second leading cause of lung cancer overall, and the leading cause of lung cancer in nonsmokers.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although multiple risks have been identified, cigarette smoking (and tobacco use) constitutes the greatest risk for lung cancer onset. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Other risk factors have also been linked to lung cancer, including genetic mutations and environmental exposures, such as radon. 19 Radon is a colorless, odorless gas that can become trapped in buildings; it is the second leading cause of lung cancer overall, and the leading cause of lung cancer in nonsmokers.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…uranium miners in the US, Canada, Czechoslovakia, and France (24,51,62,73,77,83,86,88,89,92,93,101,105); iron and other metal miners in the US, UK, China, France, Italy, and Sweden (12,13,15,19,27,35,42,57,58,60,71,84,85,102); and fluorspar miners in Canada (31,75,76). Some results of these studies are summarized in Tables 1 and 2. It is relatively uncommon for all studies on a particular occupational exposure to be totally consistent in their findings.…”
Section: From Historical Observations To Recent Reports On Lung Cancementioning
confidence: 99%
“…While many Navajo men sought and gained employment in the uranium mines, for many of the Navajo workers, their exposure to radioactive materials resulted in their contracting lung cancer. Samet et al (1984) found that of the 32 Navajo men in their control study (which took account of smoking rates) who contracted lung cancer between 1969 and 1981, 23 had worked in uranium mines. Navajo also have experienced higher incidences of thyroid disease, birth defects and other cancers (Mayo, 2010); aquifers have been contaminated, and there are significant lasting social and environmental impacts from abandoned mines (Brown and Lambert, 2010).…”
Section: The United Statesmentioning
confidence: 99%