Uranium Uptake in <i>Paracentrotus lividus</i> Sea Urchin, Accumulation and Speciation

Reeves, Benjamin D.; Beccia, Maria Rosa; Solari, Pier Lorenzo; Smiles, Danil E.; Shuh, David K.; Berthomieu, Catherine; Marcellin, Didier; Brémond, Nicolas; Mangialajo, Luisa; Pagnotta, Sophie; Monfort, Marguerite; Moulin, Christophe; Auwer, Christophe Den

doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b06380

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…As expected, Co is not evenly distributed in the specimen. The ranking (intestinal tract ≫ gonads > test (shell + spines)) is in agreement with that reported for most heavy metals by Warnau et al and also coherent with previous results obtained with uranium . Only SU1a shows a different trend and 60 Co amounts in the intestinal tract of the same order as that in the gonads.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Previous investigations on the speciation and mechanisms of metallic radionuclide accumulation in the marine system by P. lividus have been recently performed with uranium using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence (TRLIF) showing, in particular, the possibility of extrapolating the results toward the lowest limits of concentration. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accumulation and Speciation of Cobalt in Paracentrotus lividus

Reeves

Beccia

Jeanson

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Since the first human release of radionuclides on Earth at the end of the Second World War, impact assessments have been implemented. Radionuclides are now ubiquitous, and the impact of local accidental release on human activities, although of low probability, is of tremendous social and economic consequences. Although radionuclide inventories (at various scales) are essential as input data for impact assessment, crucial information on physicochemical speciation is lacking. Among the metallic radionuclides of interest, cobalt-60 is one of the most important activation products generated in the nuclear industry. In this work, a marine model ecosystem has been defined because seawater and more generally marine ecosystems are final receptacles of metal pollution. A multistep approach from quantitative uptake to understanding of the accumulation mechanism has been implemented with the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. In a well-controlled aquarium, the day-by-day uptake of cobalt and its quantification in different compartments of the sea urchin were monitored with various conditions of exposure by combining ICP-OES analysis and γ spectrometry. Cobalt is mainly distributed following the rating intestinal tract ≫ gonads > shell spines. Cobalt speciation in seawater and inside the gonads and the intestinal tract was determined using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). The cobalt inside the gonads and the intestinal tract is mainly complexed by the toposome, the main protein in the sea urchin P. lividus. Complexation with purified toposome was characterized and a complexation site combining EXAFS and AIMD (ab initio molecular dynamics) was proposed implying monodentate carboxylates.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation and Speciation of Cobalt in Paracentrotus lividus

Reeves

Beccia

Jeanson

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…For Nat U, for instance, and using XAS spectroscopy, we provided evidence of the metabolization of uranium (under its most stable uranyl UO 2 2 + chemical form) in living P. lividus. [50] Furthermore, contaminated gonads of P. lividus were analyzed by Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM), a technique that couples XAS and microscopy in order to localize the element of interest in a 2-D space and define its speciation at the same time. Such a technique is suitable for element-selective imaging studies with a spatial resolution down to a few tens of nm.…”

Section: Speciation Of Radionuclides Transfer To Living Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We investigated the chemical mechanisms of MTR ( Nat U, 60 Co, 137 Cs) uptake by P. lividus using a well‐controlled system of aquaria doped with the MTR of interest. For Nat U, for instance, and using XAS spectroscopy, we provided evidence of the metabolization of uranium (under its most stable uranyl UO 2 2+ chemical form) in living P. lividus [50] . Furthermore, contaminated gonads of P. lividus were analyzed by Scanning Transmission X‐ray Microscopy (STXM), a technique that couples XAS and microscopy in order to localize the element of interest in a 2‐D space and define its speciation at the same time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Environmental Chemistry of Radionuclides : Open Questions and Perspectives

et al. 2022

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Since the discovery of nuclear fission, atomic energy has become for mankind a source of energy, but it has also become a source of consternation. This Perspective presents and discusses the methodological evolution of the work performed in the radiochemistry laboratory that is part of the Institut de Chimie de Nice (France). Most studies in radioecology and environmental radiochemistry have intended to assess the impact and inventory of very low levels of radionuclides in specific environmental compartments. But chemical mechanisms at the molecular level remain a mystery because it is technically impossible (due to large dilution factors) to assess speciation in those systems. Ultra‐trace levels of contamination and heterogeneity often preclude the use of spectroscopic techniques and the determination of direct speciation data, thus forming the bottleneck of speciation studies. The work performed in the Nice radiochemistry laboratory underlines this effort to input speciation data (using spectroscopic techniques like X ray Absorption Spectroscopy) in environmental and radioecological metrics.

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“…33 A study of uranium speciation in sea urchins identified the uptake of uranium in the form of ternary calcium carbonato species. 34 Although ternary complexation is very striking with respect to the common fate of uranium under various environmental conditions, it has not been reported for hexavalent actinides other than U(VI).…”

Section: −mentioning

confidence: 99%