Urban agriculture towards food security of Syrian refugees and vulnerable Lebanese host communities

Dehnavi, Sudeh; Süß, Verena

doi:10.1080/09614524.2019.1630369

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…For example, due to rising demand and limited energy sources, Morocco has set a renewables target of more than 50% by 2030, far more ambitious than any GCC country. Furthermore, for countries such as Lebanon, the provision of sufficient food and basic education for growing populations, including huge numbers of refugees, is a real challenge that spurs projects using innovations such as urban agriculture (Albakri and Shibly 2019;Dehnavi and Suß 2019). In contrast, access to food, energy, and water, alongside other comforts such as public jobs and good salaries, have been a prerogative of GCC citizens.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sustainable development in the Arab world – is the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region fit for the challenge?

Zaidan¹,

Al‐Saidi²,

Hammad³

2019

Development in Practice

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The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region and the wider Arab world are faced with multiple interconnected dilemmas embedded in the social, economic, and environmental pillars of sustainable development. The question of how to design effective sustainability strategies that are aligned with the context of the GCC region is a relevant one. In this special issue, contributors have investigated the obstacles to sustainable development in the GCC region, the impact of current development patterns on the sustainability agenda, and the way in which countries react to local, regional, and global sustainability pressures and debates. The issue aimed to provide a platform for academics to present policy-relevant research and practical steps being taken towards realising genuine sustainable development within the GCC region, while teasing out the major obstacles to this process. This regional focus is motivated by the shared challenge of GCC countries of reforming carbon-based economies as well as their systems of high subsidisation and universal benefits in order to incorporate sustainable concerns, merit-based rules, and more targeted policies. While these challenges are shared with other Arab countries, as well as other countries exporting oil and gas, the origins, current patterns, and future directions of sustainability reforms in the GCC region reveal interesting lessons to be learnt.The countries of the GCC (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE)) are home to a large supply of fossil fuels and various types of minerals, and they are rich with regard to Arabic and Islamic culture and history. The economies of the GCC countries are characterised by their heavy dependence on exports of fossil fuels. These exports have generated significant revenues that have resulted in high per-capita income levels and decent living standards. Since the 1970s, the dominant development view in the region centred on economic growth, wide job creation through public jobs for national citizens, a heavy reliance on immigrant workers, and an ecosystem for a comprehensive distribution of economic and social benefits among nationals. Owing to the significant revenues generated from oil and gas as well as the ambitious plans of the leadership within the GCC, the GCC nations have transformed into very modern states during the past few decades. Recently, the fiscal sustainability of this model has been questioned in response to increasing demands from the growing population and economies for natural resources and for financial support. It is this factor that has made the biggest contribution to the sense of urgency regarding sustainability reforms in the region.Collectively, the GCC nations have a population of more than 40 million people. The region is one of the most urbanised in the world, with around 80% of the population residing in urban areas, mostly in close proximity to coasts where important ecosystems and cultural heritage are located. Roughly 40% of the GCC region's population are people born ou...

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confidence: 99%

Sustainable development in the Arab world – is the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region fit for the challenge?

Zaidan¹,

Al‐Saidi²,

Hammad³

2019

Development in Practice

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“…A considerable amount of evidence is focused on Palestinian and Syrian refugees in Lebanon and Jordan [ 5 , 41 , 43 , 48 , 58 ]. While most interventions in refugee crisis areas are focused on cash, vouchers, and food transfers, studies in Lebanon reported more sustainable programs such as school-based nutrition, community kitchens and urban agriculture, which are in the line of main interventions in developed destination countries [ 41 , 43 , 45 , 48 , 58 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Food Security Interventions among Refugees around the Globe: A Scoping Review

2022

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There are 26 million refugees globally, with as many as 80% facing food insecurity irrespective of location. Food insecurity results in malnutrition beginning at an early age and disproportionately affects certain groups such as women. Food security is a complex issue and must consider gender, policies, social and cultural contexts that refugees face. Our aim is to assess what is known about food security interventions in refugees and identify existing gaps in knowledge. This scoping review followed the guidelines set out in the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. We included all articles that discussed food security interventions in refugees published between 2010 and 2020. A total of 57 articles were eligible for this study with most interventions providing cash, vouchers, or food transfers; urban agriculture, gardening, animal husbandry, or foraging; nutrition education; and infant and young child feeding. Urban agriculture and nutrition education were more prevalent in destination countries. While urban agriculture was a focus of the FAO and cash/voucher interventions were implemented by the WFP, the level of collaboration between UN agencies was unclear. Food security was directly measured in 39% of studies, half of which used the UN’s Food Consumption Score, and the remainder using a variety of methods. As substantiated in the literature, gender considerations are vital to the success of food security interventions, and although studies include this in the planning process, few see gender considerations through to implementation. Including host communities in food security interventions improves the refugee–host relationship. Collaboration should be encouraged among aid organizations. To assess intervention efficacy, food security should be measured with a consistent tool. With the number of refugees in the world continuing to rise, further efforts are required to transition from acute aid to sustainability through livelihood strategies.

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Flowers in the dark: The contribution of rooftop urban agriculture to human well-being in the Ein El-Hilweh Refugee Camp, Lebanon

Tarchahani

Loos

2023

World Development Sustainability

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Urban agriculture towards food security of Syrian refugees and vulnerable Lebanese host communities

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Sustainable development in the Arab world – is the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region fit for the challenge?

Sustainable development in the Arab world – is the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region fit for the challenge?

Food Security Interventions among Refugees around the Globe: A Scoping Review

Flowers in the dark: The contribution of rooftop urban agriculture to human well-being in the Ein El-Hilweh Refugee Camp, Lebanon

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