“…Yet, the role of urban amenities in analyzing why land urbanization in China is faster than population urbanization has been largely overlooked. Consistent with previous studies (Glaeser, Kolko, and Saiz, 2001;He, Huang, and Xi, 2018;Zhang, Partridge, and Song, 2020), we defined urban amenities as location-specific nonmarketed attributes, such as public services, urban facilities, job opportunities, traffic conditions, and other regional specificities, which make people's life and work more convenient to a particular city. Specifically, urban amenities vary from regions to regions and have become increasingly critical in determining the attractiveness of particular areas for migrants (Zhang et al, 2020).…”