Urban drought challenge to 2030 sustainable development goals

Zhang, Xiang; Chen, Nengcheng; Sheng, Hao; Ip, Chris; Yang, Long; Chen, Yiqun; Sang, Ziqin; Tadesse, Tsegaye; Lim, Tania Pei Yee; Rajabifard, Abbas; Bueti, Cristina; Zeng, Linglin; Wardlow, Brian D.; Wang, Siqi; Tang, Shiyi; Zhang, Xiong; Li, Deren; Niyogi, Dev

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.342

Cited by 189 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…This study thus highlights key features of drought and wet events, which remain the major climatic extremes that affect people and property [94,95]. Understanding the historical complexities and dynamics of drought and flood events could build the momentum to conduct further studies on the future evolution of these extreme events over the study area, with a view of recommending appropriate and timely policies to avert damages and loss of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of Meteorological Drought and Flood Scenarios over Kenya, East Africa

et al. 2020

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This work examines drought and flood events over Kenya from 1981 to 2016 using the Standardized Precipitation–Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). The spatiotemporal analysis of dry and wet events was conducted for 3 and 12 months. Extreme drought incidences were observed in the years 1987, 2000, 2006, and 2009 for SPEI-3, whilst the SPEI-12 demonstrated the manifestation of drought during the years 2000 and 2006. The SPEI showed that the wettest periods, 1997 and 1998, coincided with the El Nino event for both time steps. SPEI-3 showed a reduction in moderate drought events, while severe and extreme cases were on the increase tendencies towards the end of the twentieth century. Conversely, SPEI-12 depicted an overall increase in severe drought occurrence over the study location with ab observed intensity of −1.54 and a cumulative frequency of 64 months during the study period. Wet events showed an upward trend in the western and central highlands, while the rest of the regions showed an increase in dry events during the study period. Moreover, moderate dry/wet events predominated, whilst extreme events occurred least frequently across all grid cells. It is apparent that the study area experienced mild extreme dry events in both categories, although moderately severe dry events dominated most parts of the study area. A high intensity and frequency of drought was noted in SPEI-3, while the least occurrences of extreme events were recorded in SPEI-12. Though drought event prevailed across the study area, there was evidence of extreme flood conditions over the recent decades. These findings form a good basis for next step of research that will look at the projection of droughts over the study area based on regional climate models.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of Meteorological Drought and Flood Scenarios over Kenya, East Africa

et al. 2020

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“…In South Asia, climate change impacts are increasingly apparent, with drought [1,2], floods and waterlogging [3][4][5][6][7], and heat waves [8,9] all increasing. Plethora of literature have shown that these climatic anomalies in South Asia will continue in the future [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. With more climatic anomalies and progressive climate changes, many studies have documented either an increased occurrence frequency or new degree of severity of abiotic stresses affecting crop growth and yield [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and landscape mediate patterns of low lentil productivity in Nepal

Paudel¹,

Devkota²,

Keil

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is a cool-season pulse grown in winter cropping cycle in South Asia and provides a major source of nutrition for many low-income households. Lentil productivity is perceived to be sensitive to high rainfall, but few studies document spatial and temporal patterns of yield variation across climate, soil, and agronomic gradients. Using farm survey data from Nepal, this study characterizes patterns of lentil productivity and efficiency for two cropping seasons. Additional insights were derived from on-farm trials conducted over a 5-year period that assess agronomic, drainage, and cultivar interventions. To contextualize the inferences derived from farm surveys and trials, the Stempedia model was used to simulate the severity of Stemphylium blight (Stemphylium botryosum) risk-the principal fungal disease in lentil-with 30 years of historical climate data. Although development efforts in Nepal have prioritized pulse intensification, results confirm that lentil remains a risky enterprise highlighting the prevalence of crop failures (16%), modest yields (353 kg ha

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“…To further support countries and populations to reach SDG, actions like raising awareness on water right and water saving, investing in sustainability science research for drought and strengthening resilience efforts via international cooperation are key to enhancing drought resilience and preparedness. 44…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health consequences of Drought in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: hotspot areas and needed actions.

Bellizzi¹,

Lane²,

Elhakim³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Over the past four decades, drought episodes in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) of the of the World Health Organization (WHO) have gradually become more widespread, prolonged and frequent. We aimed to map hotspot countries and identified key strategic actions for health consequences.Methods: We reviewed scientific literature and WHO EMR documentation on trends and patterns of the drought health consequences from 1990 through 2019. Extensive communication was also carried out with EMR WHO country offices to retrieve information on ongoing initiatives to face health consequences due to drought. An index score was developed to categorize countries according vulnerability factors towards drought. Results: A series of complex health consequences are due to drought in EMR, including malnutrition, vector-borne diseases, and water-borne diseases. The index score indicated how Afghanistan, Yemen and Somalia are “hotspots” due to poor population health status and access to basic sanitation as well as other elements such as food insecurity, displacement and conflicts/political instability. WHO country offices effort is towards enhancing access to water and sanitation and essential healthcare services including immunization and psychological support, strengthening disease surveillance and response, and risk communication. Conclusions: Drought-related health effects in the WHO EMR represent a public health emergency. Strengthening mitigation activities and additional tailored efforts are urgently needed to overcome context-specific gaps and weaknesses, with specific focus on financing, accountability and enhanced data availability.

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Urban drought challenge to 2030 sustainable development goals

Cited by 189 publications

References 126 publications

Evaluation of Meteorological Drought and Flood Scenarios over Kenya, East Africa

Evaluation of Meteorological Drought and Flood Scenarios over Kenya, East Africa

Climate and landscape mediate patterns of low lentil productivity in Nepal

Health consequences of Drought in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: hotspot areas and needed actions.

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