Urban environmental influences on heterocyst investment 					in Leptogium cyanescens (Collemataceae)

Fávaro, Ana; Nascimento, Antônio Galvão do; Coelho, Flávia de Freitas

doi:10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2021/0644

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Many of these lichens have large thalli and grow in nutrient-poor habitats. They depend on an efficient nitrogenase activity system that occurs in cyanobiont heterocysts [ 108 , 109 ]. Kershaw and Millbank [ 110 ] studied the nitrogen metabolism of Nostoc of cephalodia in Peltigera and L. pulmonaria [ 111 ], and they proved that practically all of the nitrogen fixed by Nostoc is used by the mycobiont, which was confirmed more recently in Lobaria oregana [ 112 ], L. pulmonaria [ 113 ] and Stereocaulon vesuvianum [ 114 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tripartite Lichen Ricasolia virens: Involvement of Cyanobacteria and Bacteria in Its Morphogenesis

et al. 2023

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Ricasolia virens is an epiphytic lichen-forming fungus mainly distributed in Western Europe and Macaronesia in well-structured forests with ecological continuity that lack eutrophication. It is considered to be threatened or extinct in many territories in Europe (IUCN). Despite its biological and ecological relevance, studies on this taxon are scarce. The thalli are tripartite, and the mycobiont has a simultaneous symbiotic relationship with cyanobacteria and green microalgae, which represent interesting models to analyse the strategies and adaptations resulting from the interactions of lichen symbionts. The present study was designed to contribute to a better understanding of this taxon, which has shown a clear decline over the last century. The symbionts were identified by molecular analysis. The phycobiont is Symbiochloris reticulata, and the cyanobionts (Nostoc) are embedded in internal cephalodia. Light, transmission electron and low-temperature scanning microscopy techniques were used to investigate the thallus anatomy, ultrastructure of microalgae and ontogeny of pycnidia and cephalodia. The thalli are very similar to its closest relative, Ricasolia quercizans. The cellular ultrastructure of S. reticulata by TEM is provided. Non-photosynthetic bacteria located outside the upper cortex are introduced through migratory channels into the subcortical zone by the splitting of fungal hyphae. Cephalodia were very abundant, but never as external photosymbiodemes.

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