Urban flood risk mapping using an optimised additive weighting methodology based on open data

Abstract

Floods are one of the most common and harmful natural disasters worldwide, especially in cities, due to the high concentration of people and goods in these areas.This research aims to provide an accessible and accurate means to model risks associated with floods in urban spaces using open data about a series of susceptibility and impact contributing factors. Hence, a methodology combining geoprocessing tools, additive weighting, dependence measures, and optimisation was designed to generate spatial information, aggregating the factors according to their weights and optimising the modelling of their relationships to flood risk, respectively. The application of the proposed approach to the city of Santander (Spain) yielded a flood risk map providing an accurate assessment of the ranking of flood zones reported by its City Council. The results suggested that flood mitigation might focus on the implementation of permeable pavements, due to their ease of integration in urban environments. K E Y W O R D S additive weighting, contributing factors, open data, optimisation, risk assessment, urban flooding

ArcDrain: A GIS Add-In for Automated Determination of Surface Runoff in Urban Catchments

“…However, this approach assumes that rainfall occurs simultaneously across the entire catchment area by disregarding K A . The consideration of this parameter led to obtaining a more realistic characterization of C, which was determined through the application of Equation (6).…”

“…In this sense, a vast array of research focuses on the overlaying of thematic layers to produce hazard maps [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. These studies resort to multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), especially in the form of weighted sum techniques, to aggregate a series of factors expected to contribute to flooding, such as the slope, land cover, or precipitation.…”

Key Disaster-Causing Factors Chains on Urban Flood Risk Based on Bayesian Network

“…Some AHP extension methods are also used to assess flood risk [8][9][10]. Qualitative evaluation methods also include: constant sum scale [11], entropy [12], additive weighting [13], or multi-criteria analysis approach [14,15]. There are also other methods, such as quantitative evaluation methods, many hydrological and hydrodynamic models [16][17][18][19], and a series of flood risk simulation models, such as random forest [20], gradient boosting decision tree [21], genetic algorithm [2], simulated annealing [22], rapid urban flood inundation and damage assessment model [1], meteorological research and prediction model [23], alternate decision tree [24], etc.…”

Integration of catastrophe and entropy theories for flood risk mapping in peninsular Malaysia

“…Numerous studies on flood vulnerability and risk mapping have been conducted in recent years (Chen et al, 2014; Dano et al, 2019; Dewan & Yamaguchi, 2008; Elsheikh, Ouerghi, & Elhag, 2015; Feloni, Mousadis, & Baltas, 2019; Jato‐Espino, Lobo, & Ascorbe‐Salcedo, 2019; Matori, Lawal, Yusof, Hashim, & Balogun, 2014; Nigussie & Altunkaynak, 2019; Pradhan & Youssef, 2011). In general, different factors can be considered in a multi‐criteria decision analysis (MCDA) system.…”