Urban foraging: Land management policy, perspectives, and potential

Sardeshpande, Mallika; Shackleton, Charlie M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0230693

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Most research on urban green space has been conducted in higher-income countries (Rupprecht and Byrne, 2014;Kabisch et al, 2015), but this has recently expanded to include lower-income countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (Chamberlain et al, 2019;Vancampfort et al, 2019;Sardeshpande and Shackleton, 2020;Yessoufou et al, 2020). Of particular interest is urbanization, which drives a rapid shift in land-use, including the removal of natural vegetation and the construction of housing, infrastructure, and industry.…”

Section: Urban Green Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution and Urban Green Space: Evidence of Environmental Injustice in Adama, Ethiopia

Flanagan¹,

Mattisson²,

Walles³

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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While air pollution data in Ethiopia is limited, existing studies indicate high levels of both ambient and household air pollution; rapid urbanization also threatens the preservation of urban green spaces. In this study, environmental injustice, or the disproportionate burden of environmental exposures on persons of lower socioeconomic status (SES), was explored among women in Ethiopia using a mother and child cohort from the city of Adama. Land-use regression models were previously developed for modeling ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) throughout Adama, while household air pollution (cooking fuel type) and the presence of green space were assessed through questionnaires and home visits, respectively. The odds of being exposed to these environmental factors were analyzed in association with two SES indicators, education and occupation, using logistic regression. Our results indicate the presence of environmental injustice in Adama, as women with lower SES shouldered a higher burden of air pollution exposure and enjoyed less urban green space than their higher SES counterparts. These findings encourage the prioritization of air quality control and urban planning resources toward policy action within lower SES areas. From a societal perspective, our results also support more upstream interventions, including investment in educational and occupational opportunities. Still, a human rights approach is emphasized, as governments are responsible for protecting the right to a clean environment, especially for those disproportionately exposed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on environmental injustice in Ethiopia, and the first in Sub-Saharan Africa to investigate the inequalities of ambient and household air pollution exposure as well as urban green space access in the same cohort.

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Section: Urban Green Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution and Urban Green Space: Evidence of Environmental Injustice in Adama, Ethiopia

Flanagan¹,

Mattisson²,

Walles³

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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“…Social Network Analysis (SNA) is a process commonly used to explore social structures and linkages [15,72,73]. SNA provides methods to quantify relations among actors and resultant network structures [74].…”

Section: Linking Social Capital Polycentrism and Social Network Anamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As argued by Schoon et al [72], SNA is an ideal tool to measure the relational pattern of multi-actor ties, evolution, and the emergence of environmental collaborations over time. Social network literature discusses ways in which actors and groups influence each other [15,72,73,76]. For example, actors sharing strong ties tend to influence, trust, and communicate effectively with each other more than those sharing weak ties [77].…”

Section: Linking Social Capital Polycentrism and Social Network Anamentioning

confidence: 99%

Unpacking Changing Multi-Actor and Multi-Level Actor Ties in Transformative Spaces: Insights from a Degraded Landscape, Machubeni, South Africa

Falayi

Gambiza

Schoon

2020

Land

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The loss of ecosystem services through land degradation continues to be a significant concern for policymakers and land users around the world. Facilitating collective action among various actors is regarded as imperative in halting land degradation. Despite extensive research on collective action, there have been few studies that continuously map social ties and detect network evolution as a way of enabling longitudinal analysis of transformative spaces. This paper seeks to examine the changing dynamics of multi-actor and multi-level actor ties over a period of two years in Machubeni, South Africa. To do this, we used social network analysis to detect continuities and/or discontinuities of multi-actor and multi-level actor ties over time. Overall, edge density, clustering coefficient, and reciprocity scores steadily increased over the two years despite a decline in the number of active organisations within the network. Our results demonstrate that the proportion of strong ties gradually increased over time across three governance networks. However, multi-level linkages between the local municipality and the local organisations remained weak due to a lack of trust and collaborative fatigue. While the transformative space has succeeded in enhancing collaboration and knowledge sharing between local organisations and researchers, further long-term engagement with government agencies might be necessary for promoting institutional transformations and policy outcomes, and building network resilience in complex polycentric governance systems.

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“…The multi-faceted role of urban trees is now well recognized since they provide ecosystem services critical to urban citizen wellbeing: green places for leisure, noise reduction, climate mitigation, air and water purification, energy savings, habitats for biodiversity, and carbon sequestration [ 14 – 16 ]. In tropical regions, urban trees also contribute to diets [ 17 , 18 ]. In Kinshasa, fruit production was cited as the main reason why urban dwellers introduced trees around their home, with trees providing additional services (shade, medicine, cash), such as African plum trees, avocado trees and mango trees, being highly valued [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trees and their seed networks: The social dynamics of urban fruit trees and implications for genetic diversity

et al. 2021

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Trees are a traditional component of urban spaces where they provide ecosystem services critical to urban wellbeing. In the Tropics, urban trees’ seed origins have rarely been characterized. Yet, understanding the social dynamics linked to tree planting is critical given their influence on the distribution of associated genetic diversity. This study examines elements of these dynamics (seed exchange networks) in an emblematic indigenous fruit tree species from Central Africa, the African plum tree (Dacryodes edulis, Burseraceae), within the urban context of Yaoundé. We further evaluate the consequences of these social dynamics on the distribution of the genetic diversity of the species in the city. Urban trees were planted predominantly using seeds sourced from outside the city, resulting in a level of genetic diversity as high in Yaoundé as in a whole region of production of the species. Debating the different drivers that foster the genetic diversity in planted urban trees, the study argues that cities and urban dwellers can unconsciously act as effective guardians of indigenous tree genetic diversity.

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Urban foraging: Land management policy, perspectives, and potential

Cited by 43 publications

References 82 publications

Air Pollution and Urban Green Space: Evidence of Environmental Injustice in Adama, Ethiopia

Air Pollution and Urban Green Space: Evidence of Environmental Injustice in Adama, Ethiopia

Unpacking Changing Multi-Actor and Multi-Level Actor Ties in Transformative Spaces: Insights from a Degraded Landscape, Machubeni, South Africa

Trees and their seed networks: The social dynamics of urban fruit trees and implications for genetic diversity

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