Urban Form and Spatiotemporal Vulnerability of Local Communities to Covid-19

Wei, Yehua Dennis; Wu, Yangyi; Liu, Meitong

doi:10.1080/00167428.2022.2155519

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Third, there were limits to the frequency of observations recorded in the field for this study. More recent public health and real estate research papers are beginning to fill this gap by examining impacts over longer periods of time (Lee et al, 2021;Carozzi et al, 2022;Guo et al, 2023;Kiaghadi et al, 2022;Motoyama, 2022;Wang et al, 2022a;Wu et al, 2022;Tsou et al, 2023). Fourth, as a study of urban neighborhoods, zoned for growth, in a US city, at the center of a metropolitan area, there are limits to the generalizability of this work and its findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Findings suggest the effects of density have differed over time as well (Lee et al, 2021;Carozzi et al, 2022;Wu et al, 2022;Tsou et al, 2023). Some differences in outcomes may be traced to differences in research methods, such as cluster analysis (Fan et al, 2022;Wu et al, 2022), the application of indexes built from multiple variables (Rahman et al, 2023), and the use of advanced statistical methods to control for endogeneity of density measures (Carozzi et al, 2022;Hong and Chakrabarti, 2022).…”

Section: Questioning the Role Of Density In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These differences in findings exist on a variety of scales, from the state (Ganasegeran et al, 2021;Ilardi et al, 2021;Perone, 2021;Sarmadi et al, 2021;Tchicaya et al, 2021;Basellini and Camarda, 2022), to county (Hamidi et al, 2020;Wong and Li, 2020;Klompmaker et al, 2021;Lee et al, 2021, p. 202;Qeadan et al, 2021;Jamal et al, 2022), to more local levels (Tribby and Hartmann, 2021;Almagro and Orane-Hutchinson, 2022;Laefer and Protopapas, 2022;Sun et al, 2022). Findings suggest the effects of density have differed over time as well (Lee et al, 2021;Carozzi et al, 2022;Wu et al, 2022;Tsou et al, 2023). Some differences in outcomes may be traced to differences in research methods, such as cluster analysis (Fan et al, 2022;Wu et al, 2022), the application of indexes built from multiple variables (Rahman et al, 2023), and the use of advanced statistical methods to control for endogeneity of density measures (Carozzi et al, 2022;Hong and Chakrabarti, 2022).…”

Section: Questioning the Role Of Density In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hamidi et al (2020) proposed the use of activity density (population and employment per square mile); we contend that separating employment from population density helps to disentangle the impact of work-from-home orders from population migration during COVID. We also controlled for the land use mix entropy, which is a traditional measure of urban form from the economic agglomeration literature (Cervero and Kockelman, 1997;Cervero and Duncan, 2003), and has been used in other similar studies as well (Haddad et al, 2023;Nguyen et al, 2020;Wu et al, 2022).…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Economic resilience during COVID-19: the case of food retail businesses in Seattle, Washington

Sun,

Whittington,

Ning

et al. 2023

Front. Built Environ.

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The first year of COVID-19 tested the economic resilience of cities, calling into question the viability of density and the essential nature of certain types of services. This study examines built environment and socio-economic factors associated with the closure of customer-facing food businesses across urban areas of Seattle, Washington. The study covers 16 neighborhoods (44 census block groups), with two field audits of businesses included in cross-sectional studies conducted during the peak periods of the pandemic in 2020. Variables describing businesses and their built environments were selected and classified using regression tree methods, with relationships to business continuity estimated in a binomial regression model, using business type and neighborhood socio-demographic characteristics as controlled covariates. Results show that the economic impact of the pandemic was not evenly distributed across the built environment. Compared to grocery stores, the odds of a restaurant staying open during May and June were 24%, only improving 10% by the end of 2020. Density played a role in business closure, though this role differed over time. In May and June, food retail businesses were 82% less likely to remain open if located within a quarter-mile radius of the office-rich areas of the city, where pre-pandemic job density was greater than 95 per acre. In November and December, food retail businesses were 66% less likely to remain open if located in areas of residential density greater than 23.6 persons per acre. In contrast, median household income and percentage of non-Asian persons of color were positively and significantly associated with business continuity. Altogether, these findings provide more detailed and accurate profiles of food retail businesses and a more complete impression of the spatial heterogeneity of urban economic resilience during the pandemic, with implications for future urban planning and real estate development in the post-pandemic era.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Questioning the Role Of Density In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Questioning the Role Of Density In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Economic resilience during COVID-19: the case of food retail businesses in Seattle, Washington

Sun,

Whittington,

Ning

et al. 2023

Front. Built Environ.

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“…These studies are usually based on the inter-urban level, that is, to tell whether a metropolitan area is compact or sprawl in general [27,28]. However, urban spaces are never at equilibrium, and planning strategies may need to combine local conditions and development contexts [29]. Indeed, adopting a local perspective when addressing urban sprawl is of great necessity, as it helps tailor solutions to the specific characteristics, challenges, and opportunities of individual cities and regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Sprawl Development in Urban China: A Perspective from Urban Amenity

Zhang

Liu

2023

Land

Self Cite

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Urban sprawl in China presents unique characteristics that differ from those commonly studied in Western contexts, an aspect not fully explored in previous studies. Therefore, taking Wuhan, Hubei as an example and integrating population data, remote sensing data, and POI data, this research offers a perspective on sprawl development in urban China. By incorporating population, urban land use, and urban amenities, this study measures their dynamics to classify urban spaces and employs spatial regression models to identify the characteristics of sprawl development with spatial effects controlled. It further applies geographically weighted regression to examine the underlying spatial heterogeneity. The findings indicate that population growth and urban land expansion do not align perfectly, and further exploration identifies the various trends of sprawl development in urban core and periphery areas. On the other hand, some suburban areas show compact development trends, but the growth of local amenities may be limited due to the historical sprawl development legacies. Regression results reveal specific characteristics of this sprawl development. Key findings include the following: (1) shaped by the triple process of sprawl development of urban renewal, suburbanization, and rural revitalization, Wuhan shows a significant core-periphery structure with the trend of polycentricity; (2) overcrowding in central urban districts is the primary driver of sprawl development; (3) most traditional suburbs in Wuhan have emerged as a consequence of rapid urbanization with a legacy of sprawl development; (4) spatial heterogeneity across urban spaces highlights the necessity for locally tailored approaches to regulating sprawl development.

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COVID-19, cities and inequality

Li,

Wei

2023

Applied Geography

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Urban Form and Spatiotemporal Vulnerability of Local Communities to Covid-19

Cited by 6 publications

References 100 publications

Economic resilience during COVID-19: the case of food retail businesses in Seattle, Washington

Economic resilience during COVID-19: the case of food retail businesses in Seattle, Washington

Characterizing Sprawl Development in Urban China: A Perspective from Urban Amenity

COVID-19, cities and inequality

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