Urban Heat Island and Park Cool Island Intensities in the Coastal City of Aracaju, North-Eastern Brazil

Anjos, Max; Lopes, António

doi:10.3390/su9081379

Cited by 52 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The main reason for these circumstances is related to the differences in the SVF from the monitoring sites, as the rural areas considered (RCD) in the vicinity of the city of Bragança are mostly formed by low-rise vegetation, with high SVF, easing the cooling of surfaces, in contrast with the lower SVF found in LCZ GAB. These results are consistent with studies that demonstrate the cooling potential of green spaces [33,[60][61][62][63]. The relatively high UCI registered in the LCZs 2 and 8 are associated with the urban configuration, including shadow cast by buildings and reduced ventilation inside the urban structure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Urban Cold and Heat Island in the City of Bragança (Portugal)

Gonçalves

Ornellas

Ribeiro

et al. 2018

Climate

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The thermal environment is an important aspect of the urban environment because it affects the quality of life of urban residents and the energy use in buildings. Urban Heat Island (UHI) and Urban Cold Island (UCI) are complementary effects that are the consequence of cities’ structures interference with the local climate. This article presents results from five years of urban climate monitoring (2012–2016) in a small Portuguese city (Bragança) using a dense meteorological network of 23 locations covering a wide array of Local Climate Zones (LCZ), from urban areas to nearby rural areas. Results show the presence of both the UHI effect, from mid-afternoon until sunrise, and the UCI after sunrise, both being more intense under the dense midrise urban context and during the summer. Urban Green Spaces had an impact on both UHI and UCI, with an important role in cooling areas of the city during daytime in the summer. Other LCZs had less impact on local thermal conditions. Despite the small size of this city, both effects (UHI and UCI) had a relevant intensity with an impact on local climate conditions. Both effects tend to decrease in intensity with increasing wind speed and precipitation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Urban Cold and Heat Island in the City of Bragança (Portugal)

Gonçalves

Ornellas

Ribeiro

et al. 2018

Climate

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“…The temperature reduction was also calculated to intuitively evaluate the cooling effect of the hedges henceforth. The cooling effects of plants on air temperature or surface temperature have been widely studied in recent years [55][56][57]. Most studies on this topic were based on comparing the temperature differences between two sites.…”

Section: Cooling Effects Of Urban Hedgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the Evapotranspiration Rate and Its Cooling Effects of Urban Hedges Based on Three-Temperature Model and Infrared Remote Sensing

2019

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The evapotranspiration (ET) of urban hedges has been assumed to be an important component of the urban water budget and energy balance for years. However, because it is difficult to quantify the ET rate of urban hedges through conventional evapotranspiration methods, the ET rate, characteristics, and the cooling effects of urban hedges remain unclear. This study aims to measure the ET rate and quantify the cooling effects of urban hedges using the ‘three-temperature model + infrared remote sensing (3T + IR)’, a fetch-free and high-spatiotemporal-resolution method. An herb hedge and a shrub hedge were used as field experimental sites in Shenzhen, a subtropical megacity. After verification, the ‘3T + IR’ technique was proven to be a reasonable method for measuring the ET of urban hedges. The results are as follows. (1) The ET rate of urban hedges was very high. The daily average rates of the herb and shrub hedges were 0.38 mm·h−1 and 0.33 mm·h−1, respectively, on the hot summer day. (2) Urban hedges had a strong ability to reduce the air temperature. The two hedges could consume 68.44% and 60.81% of the net radiation through latent heat of ET on the summer day, while their cooling rates on air temperature were 1.29 °C min−1 m−2 and 1.13 °C min−1 m−2, respectively. (3) Hedges could also significantly cool the urban underlying surface. On the summer day, the surface temperatures of the two hedges were 19 °C lower than that of the asphalt pavement. (4) Urban hedges had markedly higher ET rates (0.19 mm·h−1 in the summer day) and cooling abilities (0.66 °C min−1 m−2 for air and 9.14 °C for underlying surface, respectively) than the lawn used for comparison. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research to quantitatively measure the ET rate of urban hedges, and our findings provide new insight in understanding the process of ET in urban hedges. This work may also aid in understanding the ET of urban vegetation.

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“…Anjos and Lopes [5] previously reported the SBF development over the study area in summer 2015 due to the intensity of the thermal gradient between continent and ocean. Air temperature data were extracted from a field campaign conducted by Anjos and Lopes [43] and Anjos et al [44] to evaluate the UHI intensity in Aracaju. We selected six sensors with built-in data loggers and housed in a shield (HOBO U23 Pro v2 Temperature/Relative Humidity, Onset ® , EUA), that has an accuracy of ±0.21 • C in the range of 0 to +50.0 • C. All sensors were deployed on lampposts at 3.5 m above the ground.…”

Section: Monitoring Air Temperature Data and Local Climate Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea Breeze Front and Outdoor Thermal Comfort during Summer in Northeastern Brazil

et al. 2020

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Characterizing the behaviour of the sea breeze phenomenon is the foremost factor in the reduction in the heat stress and the achievement of the pleasant environment in coastal cities globally. However, this seminal study shows that the Sea Breeze Front (SBF) development can be related to an increase in outdoor thermal discomfort in a northeastern Brazilian city during summer. We explored the relationship between SBF and thermal comfort conditions using in situ meteorological observations, the SBF identification method, local climate zones (LCZs) classification, and the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) thermal comfort index. SBF days and Non-SBF days were characterized in terms of weather conditions, combining meteorological data and technical bulletins. SBF days included hot and sunny days associated with the centre of the Upper Tropospheric Cyclonic Vortices (UTCV). In contrast, Non-SBF days were observed in UTCV’s periphery because of cloudy sky and rainfall. The results showed that the mean temperature and PET in the SBF days were 2.0 °C and 3.8 °C higher, respectively, compared to Non-SBF days in all LCZ sites. The highest PET, of 40.0 °C, was found on SBF days. Our findings suggest that SBF development could be an aggravating factor for increasing heat stress of the people living in the northeastern coast of the Brazilian city, after SBF passage.

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Urban Heat Island and Park Cool Island Intensities in the Coastal City of Aracaju, North-Eastern Brazil

Cited by 52 publications

References 36 publications

Urban Cold and Heat Island in the City of Bragança (Portugal)

Urban Cold and Heat Island in the City of Bragança (Portugal)

Quantifying the Evapotranspiration Rate and Its Cooling Effects of Urban Hedges Based on Three-Temperature Model and Infrared Remote Sensing

Sea Breeze Front and Outdoor Thermal Comfort during Summer in Northeastern Brazil

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