“…To respond creatively to complex challenges and innovative changes in technology, companies and industries are desiring a more diverse and more highly educated ICT workforce (Bass, Dahl, & Panahandeh, 2016). Programs, curricula, and workshops geared towards enhancing historically underrepresented students' interest, motivation, engagement, and retention in ICT and STEM related fields have included what are commonly referred to as project-based, problem-based, inquiry-based, or design based afterschool/summer programs (see Duran et al, 2014;Bass, Dahl, & Panahandeh, 2016;Selcen Guzey et al, 2017;Beckett et al, 2016;Connors-Kellgren, Parker, Blustein, & Barnett, 2016;Vallett, Lamb, & Annetta, 2018), many with components or elements that help address and reduce potential psychosocial barriers to underrepresented students' engagement in STEM activities.…”