Urban Irrigation Suppresses Land Surface Temperature and Changes the Hydrologic Regime in Semi-Arid Regions

Reyes, Bryant; Hogue, T. S.; Maxwell, R. M.

doi:10.3390/w10111563

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Additionally, during the monsoon, the fallow fields are green because of the growth of non-cultivated plants and weeds and which moderate the LST values cf. [33][34][35][36][37][38]. However, our personal observations need to be confirmed with data that JRF not only acts as a heat sink during the summer but also as a water sink.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Irrigation in the semi-arid area affects LSTs significantly [33,34]. For example, irrigated paddy fields in semi-arid regions of Jilin province of China, studied between 2005-2017, with data collected from regional land-use, remote sensing, and metrology analyzed LST changes, with radiative and non-radiative changes, found the largest temperature change during the dry summer months of July and August.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Land Surface Temperature Regulation Ecosystem Service: A Case Study of Jaipur, India, and the Urban Island of Jhalana Reserve Forest

Yosef

Rakholia

Mehta

et al. 2022

Forests

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Although Land Surface Temperatures (LSTs) are on the rise globally, the distribution of LSTs varies depending on the land cover type. Urban Heat Island and Urban Cool Island effects act differently, especially in semi-arid regions. Therefore, we identify demi-decadal, seasonal, and zonal differences in LSTs in a semi-arid region in the city of Jaipur, where zones include rural and urban areas that encircle the Jhalana Reserve Forest (JRF). After deriving LSTs from remotely sensed thermal bands of Landsat satellites’ Multi-spectral datasets, we found that there is a significant difference in LST (p < 0.01) among the zones. In addition, LSTs were found to be significantly lower in JRF compared to Urban and Rural areas in all seasons and all study years, which indicates the urban cooling effect due to the presence of the forest. Nevertheless, summer LSTs have warmed with a mean difference of 4.8 °C between 2000 and 2020. Therefore, our study supports the promotion of Urban Forests, especially in semi-arid zones, for inculcating LST regulation ecosystem services to enrich and enhance the standard of living of the human population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Surface Temperature Regulation Ecosystem Service: A Case Study of Jaipur, India, and the Urban Island of Jhalana Reserve Forest

Yosef

Rakholia

Mehta

et al. 2022

Forests

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“…F I G U R E 1 1 Annual water balance components for irrigation scenarios (1 through 4) for (a-d) PV and (e-h) EN study parks obtained over 15-year simulation periods Gomez-Navarro et al, 2019;Vivoni et al, 2020) would certainly help elucidate further the fate of irrigation and other water sources. Furthermore, the incorporation of these findings in regional simulations (e.g., Reyes et al, 2018;Bohn et al, 2018;Wang, Vivoni, et al, 2021) would allow an assessment of the water savings potential at the city or metropolitan area scale. Similarly, it would be useful to determine the sensitivity of these outcomes to a broader set of rainfall scenarios, including changes to frequency and amount.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water conservation potential of modified turf grass irrigation in urban parks of Phoenix, Arizona

et al. 2022

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Large amounts of water are consumed by urban parks in arid regions such that efficient irrigation practices are needed. In Phoenix, Arizona, extensive turf grass areas are supported using flood or sprinkler irrigation that also require fertilizers. Residential green waste compost has the potential to serve an alternative fertilizer if its higher costs can be offset through water conservation. In this study, we conducted an ecohydrological monitoring and modelling effort for a compost experiment in two urban parks with either flood or sprinkler irrigation. Soil moisture, evapotranspiration and turf greenness data along with a soil water balance model were used to determine if compost treated plots were different from control plots in each park. After building confidence in the model through comparisons to data, we created long‐term scenarios to explore differences between flood and sprinkler irrigation practices and analyse the effect of changes in irrigation scheduling. Multiple lines of evidence indicated that green waste compost applications did not appreciably change soil moisture or vegetation conditions in either urban park. Major differences, however, were noted between the two irrigation practices in terms of the seasonality of the soil water balance, plant water stress and the sensitivity to interannual fluctuations in precipitation. Model scenarios showed that significant irrigation reductions from 15% to 30% could be achieved, in particular with small changes in watering depths. As a result, irrigation management in urban parks can meet water conservation targets that potentially offset green waste compost costs while also benefitting the soil water balance through reductions in water losses.

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“…In addition to the uncertainties related to climate and LULC change projections, spatially explicit simulations rely on assumptions that permit a parsimonious representation of complex urban and agricultural systems (e.g., Bohn et al 2018;Reyes et al 2018;Xu et al 2019). Perhaps, the largest uncertainty typically incorporated into future projections is related to assumptions of stationary behavior.…”

Section: Limitations In Modeling Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individualized and Combined Effects of Future Urban Growth and Climate Change on Irrigation Water Use in Central Arizona

Wang

Vivoni

2022

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Central Arizona will likely have higher irrigation water use under the combined effects of climate and land use changes.ABSTRACT: Irrigation in agricultural and urban settings is responsible for nearly 80% of the water use in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area. Over the last three decades, there has been a continuous decrease in cropland area and its water consumption. Meanwhile, urbanization has increased outdoor irrigation to maintain residential areas and parks. Given these trends, irrigation water use (IWU) is subject to large uncertainties which challenge land and water management. In this work, we used a land surface model with an irrigation module to quantify urban and agricultural IWU under the individualized and combined effects of future urban growth and anticipated climate change. A large set of scenario combinations (96 in total) allowed us to bracket plausible pathways of IWU change in the 21st Century. We found that land use change reduced IWU by À4.6% to À0.1% due to savings from crop-urban conversion, while climate change effects led to increases in IWU by +3.8% to +8.6%. When combined, total IWU changed from +2.5% to +5.8% in the intermediate future and from À0.5% to 6.8% in the far future (2071-2100). These outcomes suggest that water savings from land use change will likely not be able to compensate for the increasing demand from urban irrigation when considering climate change, under current irrigation practices. Our approach to model the interconnections between land and water under climate change can be used to support sustainable water planning in cities in other arid regions.

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Urban Irrigation Suppresses Land Surface Temperature and Changes the Hydrologic Regime in Semi-Arid Regions

Cited by 14 publications

References 80 publications

Land Surface Temperature Regulation Ecosystem Service: A Case Study of Jaipur, India, and the Urban Island of Jhalana Reserve Forest

Land Surface Temperature Regulation Ecosystem Service: A Case Study of Jaipur, India, and the Urban Island of Jhalana Reserve Forest

Water conservation potential of modified turf grass irrigation in urban parks of Phoenix, Arizona

Individualized and Combined Effects of Future Urban Growth and Climate Change on Irrigation Water Use in Central Arizona

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