Urban landslide hazards: incidence and causative factors in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Smyth, Conor G.; Royle, Stephen A.

doi:10.1016/s0143-6228(00)00004-7

Cited by 81 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Yearly, extreme landslide disasters worldwide pose threats to people, infrastructure and cause significant economical losses. Growth of urban areas and expanded land use have increased the vulnerability of societies to landslides (Boullé et al 1997;Smyth & Royle 2000). Moreover, the impact of climate change may result in higher frequencies of such events in the future (Dehn et al 2000;Dixon & Brook 2007).…”

Section: [End Of Abstract]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical aerial photographs for landslide assessment: two case histories

Walstra

Dixon

Chandler

2007

QJEGH

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Abbreviated title:Aerial photographs for landslide assessment [Abstract] This paper demonstrates the value of historical aerial photographs for assessing long-term landslide evolution. The study focussed on two case histories, the Mam Tor and East Pentwyn landslides. In both case histories the variety of data was explored, that could be derived relatively easily using an ordinary PC desktop, commercially available software and commonly available photographic material. The techniques to unlock qualitative and quantitative data captured in the photographic archive were based on the principles of aerial photo-interpretation and photogrammetry. The created products comprised geomorphological maps, automatically derived elevation models (DEMs), displacement vectors and animations.The measured horizontal displacements of the Mam Tor landslide ranged from 0.09-0.74 m/yr between 1953 and 1999, which was verified by independent survey data. Moreover, the observed displacement patterns were consistent with photo-interpreted geomorphological information. The photogrammetric measurements from the East Pentwyn landslide (horizontal displacements up to 6 m/yr between 1971 and 1973) also showed a striking resemblance to independent data. In both case histories, the vertical accuracy was insufficient for detecting significant elevation changes. Nevertheless, DEMs proved to be a powerful tool for visualisation. Overall, the results in this study validated the techniques used and strongly encourage the use of historical photographic material in landslide studies. [End of abstract]Landslides include a range of slope movements, representing a widespread geological hazard. Yearly, extreme landslide disasters worldwide pose threats to people, infrastructure and cause significant economical losses. Growth of urban areas and expanded land use have increased the vulnerability of societies to landslides (Boullé et al. 1997;Smyth & Royle 2000). Moreover, the impact of climate change may result in higher frequencies of such events in the future (Dehn et al. 2000;Dixon & Brook 2007). Past research has identified different landslide mechanisms and many controls on their initiation and development (e.g. Varnes 1978;Crozier 1986). These controls are very complex and relate to climatic variables and characteristics of the slope, such as material, geological and hydrological conditions and vegetation cover. A full understanding of their interrelationships requires detailed and extensive monitoring of environmental factors and associated landform changes. Usually, long climate data records are available, whereas obtaining accurate historical spatial data quantifying landform change is a rather more challenging task.A combination of multi-temporal mapping of surface features and monitoring of landslide displacements may result in better understanding of their underlying mechanisms. There are sophisticated tools available for monitoring landslide movements. Traditional instruments include inclinometers, tiltmeters, extensometers and land surveyi...

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Section: [End Of Abstract]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical aerial photographs for landslide assessment: two case histories

Walstra

Dixon

Chandler

2007

QJEGH

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“…Approximately 300 million people worldwide are estimated to be exposed to landslides (Dilley et al, 2005) with the greatest absolute economic losses experienced in Europe and the overwhelming majority of injuries and fatalities in Asia, South and Central America and the Caribbean (UNU, 2006;Petley, 2012). The susceptibility of slopes to landslides is known to increase with urban development activities such as vegetation removal, construction of earthworks (cuts and fills), buildings and roads, and altered drainage (Smyth and Royle, 2000). Similarly, another major factor affecting landslide occurrence is rainfall event intensity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dealing with deep uncertainties in landslide modelling for disaster risk reduction under climate change

Almeida

Holcombe

Pianosi

et al. 2017

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Landslides have large negative economic and societal impacts, including loss of life and damage to infrastructure. Slope stability assessment is a vital tool for landslide risk management, but high levels of uncertainty often challenge its usefulness. Uncertainties are associated with the numerical model used to assess slope stability and its parameters, with the data characterizing the geometric, geotechnic and hydrologic properties of the slope, and with hazard triggers (e.g. rainfall). Uncertainties associated with many of these factors are also likely to be exacerbated further by future climatic and socio-economic changes, such as increased urbanization and resultant land use change. In this study, we illustrate how numerical models can be used to explore the uncertain factors that influence potential future landslide hazard using a bottom-up strategy. Specifically, we link the Combined Hydrology And Stability Model (CHASM) with sensitivity analysis and Classification And Regression Trees (CART) to identify critical thresholds in slope properties and climatic (rainfall) drivers that lead to slope failure. We apply our approach to a slope in the Caribbean, an area that is naturally susceptible to landslides due to a combination of high rainfall rates, steep slopes, and highly weathered residual soils. For this particular slope, we find that uncertainties regarding some slope properties (namely thickness and effective cohesion of topsoil) are as important as the uncertainties related to future rainfall conditions. Furthermore, we show that 89 % of the expected behaviour of the studied slope can be characterized based on only two variables -the ratio of topsoil thickness to cohesion and the ratio of rainfall intensity to duration.

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“…(3) Declividade do terreno: é um dos fatores mais importantes na ocorrência dos deslizamentos de terra, sendo um dos fatores mais empregados em estudos sobre deslizamentos de terra (MANTOVANI et al, 2000;SMYTH;ROYLE, 2000;ALHEIROS et al, 2003;USGS, 2003;REMONDO et al, 2005;BLASCHKE, 2012). Para a produção desse fator, utilizaram-se os dados do projeto Brasil em Relevo produzido pela Embrapa Monitoramento por Satélite (MIRANDA, 2005), os quais foram padronizados para a resolução espacial de 20 m, por meio de re-amostragem e método do Vizinho Mais Próximo.…”

Section: Critériosunclassified

Avaliação multicriterial no mapeamento da suscetibilidade de deslizamentos de terra

2014

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RESUMO -No mapeamento da suscetibilidade de deslizamentos de terra, necessita-se agregar as características da paisagem que atuam de maneira distinta no processo de queda de barreira e podem representar especificidades de uma região. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o método da Média Ponderada Ordenada (MPO) para o mapeamento de áreas suscetíveis ao deslizamento de terra. O método pressupõe a integração de diferentes características da paisagem (fatores), com a associação de pesos a elas (pesos de fator -pf). Pf representa a importância desses fatores para o estudo. Utilizaram-se, neste estudo, os fatores: substrato geológico, solos, declividade do terreno, uso e cobertura do solo e precipitação. Na definição dos fatores e seus pesos, empregou-se a Técnica Participatória. Para avaliação da MPO, geraram-se dois mapas de suscetibilidade, calculando o risco de tomada de decisão (R) e nível de compensação entre fatores (C). Para o primeiro, consideraram-se apenas pf e a compensação total entre fatores (C = 100%) e para o outro, um segundo grupo de pesos (de ordenação (po), que caracteriza a influência dos fatores). Os valores de pó resultaram em valor de C = 72%. No primeiro mapa predomina o nível de suscetibilidade médio, por influência excessiva do fator declividade (fator mais influente; com o maior de pf). No segundo, como consequência de po houve a agregação dos fatores de acordo com a importância previamente definida para eles e a melhor distribuição, em relação ao primeiro, de área entre os níveis de suscetibilidade. Concluiu-se que a MPO é adequada ao mapeamento da suscetibilidade de deslizamento, e a coerência entre pf e po confere robustez ao método.Palavras-chave: Suporte à decisão; Combinação Linear Ponderada; Média Ponderada Ordenada. MULTICRITERIA EVALUATION IN THE MAPPING OF LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY ABSTRACT -The mapping of landslides susceptibility requires the aggregation of landscape characteristics that act differently in the process of landslides and may represents specificities of a region. In this context

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Urban landslide hazards: incidence and causative factors in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Cited by 81 publications

References 8 publications

Historical aerial photographs for landslide assessment: two case histories

Historical aerial photographs for landslide assessment: two case histories

Dealing with deep uncertainties in landslide modelling for disaster risk reduction under climate change

Avaliação multicriterial no mapeamento da suscetibilidade de deslizamentos de terra

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