Urban Planning for Disaster Risk Reduction: A Systematic Review of Essential Requirements

Abstract

Urban planning is critical in mitigating the impacts of disasters, enhancing community resilience and promoting sustainable development. This review study systematically analyzes the role of urban planning in disaster risk reduction (DRR) through a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach. By reviewing scholarly articles and case studies, this paper examines various urban planning strategies that contribute to DRR, including land use planning, infrastructure development, risk mapping, and community engagement. The findings highlight the effectiveness of integrating risk assessments into urban planning processes, the importance of adaptive infrastructure design, and the need for inclusive planning practices that involve local communities in decision-making. The review also identifies challenges such as inadequate policy implementation, lack of resources, and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, analyzing participation and academic importance, and correlating the publication of papers with the number of reported disasters. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, this review underscores the potential of urban planning to reduce disaster risks and enhance urban resilience. The paper concludes with recommendations for policymakers, urban planners, and researchers to strengthen DRR initiatives via strategic urban planning practices. This review contributes to the growing body of knowledge in DRR and emphasizes the critical role of urban planning in creating safer, more resilient cities.