“…6). The intrinsic institutional arrangements of joint redevelopment generated a division among the original residents as it aligned the interests of land-owning residents with the developer and incentivized landowners to counteract protests or other delays by tenants (Kwon, 2018;Shin and Kim, 2015). Rather than having a mutual, collaborative character, the regulations antagonized different stakeholder groups and institutionalized financial hurdles that obstruct the participation of economically weaker landowners (Ha, 2001;Shin, 2009).…”