Urban–rural differences in children's earliest memories

Göz, İlyas; Çeven, Zeynep İrem; Tekcan, Alí Í.

doi:10.1080/09658211.2016.1150490

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The age from which young and middle-aged adults remembered their earliest childhood memories is in line with previous research showing that infantile amnesia wanes between age three and four (e.g., Davis et al, 2008;Eacott, 1999). The age at the time of the earliest memories obtained in the present research is also similar to those observed in other studies conducted with Turkish samples (e.g., Demircan 2012;Ece, Demiray, & Gülgöz, 2019;Göz, Çeven, & Tekcan, 2017;Yıldırım, Soncu-Büyükişcan, Çolak, Akpınar, & Altan, 2018). In general, current findings were in line with the hypotheses: (1a) Earliest memories were rated lower in all memory characteristics than later memories, (1b) free-report memories were higher in importance, emotionality and rehearsal frequency, but lower in vividness and confidence in the reality of memory than recent memories, (2) middle-aged adults generally rated Psikoloji Çalışmaları -Studies in Psychology Cilt/Volume: 39, Sayı/Issue: 1, 2019 both earliest and later memories higher on memory characteristics than young adults, and (3a) the age of earliest and (3b) free-report memories differed as a function of retrieval order.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Genç ve Orta Yaşlı Yetişkinlerin En Eski ve Daha Sonraki Otobiyografik Anılarının Karşılaştırılması

Ece¹,

Demiray²,

Öner³

et al. 2019

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The current study examined earliest memories of young and middle-aged adults in comparison to a recent autobiographical memory and a free-report one from any life phase. These three types of memories were compared in terms of their memory characteristics such as vividness, emotionality, importance, confidence, and rehearsal frequency. A total of 319 young (18-30 years) and 112 middle-aged (40-65 years) adults completed the online survey. Results showed that earliest memories were rated either similar to or lower than later memories in their memory characteristics. More specifically, they received lower ratings than freereport memories in all memory characteristics whereas they did not significantly differ from recent memories only in importance and emotionality. In addition, free-report memories were highest in emotionality, importance and rehearsal frequency whereas recent memories were highest in vividness and confidence ratings. Compared to young adults, middle-aged adults provided higher ratings for all memory characteristics in general, and they further recalled earliest memories from an older age. Finally, the order of reporting the three types of memories (earliest memory first versus recent memory first) was examined with respect to its potential influence on memory characteristics and dating of the recalled memories. Results displayed no significant effect of the reporting order on memory characteristics. Dating of the earliest and free-report memories, however, was significantly affected by the reporting order. The mean age for earliest memories was higher when it was retrieved following the recent memory compared to the reporting order in which earliest memories are retrieved and reported first. Overall, results indicated that earliest memories are not particularly special compared to later memories (e.g., free-report memories) in terms of their memory characteristics, and they are vulnerable to experimental manipulation such as changing the reporting order just like other types of autobiographical memories.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Genç ve Orta Yaşlı Yetişkinlerin En Eski ve Daha Sonraki Otobiyografik Anılarının Karşılaştırılması

Ece¹,

Demiray²,

Öner³

et al. 2019

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“…In the results described in Chapter 2, mock witnesses from the urban collectivistic cultural group reported more details than those from the rural collectivistic cultural group. A similar pattern has been reported in research on autobiographical memory reports, where children from rural collectivistic cultures report fewer details than children from urban collectivistic cultures (Göz, Çeven, & Tekcan, 2017). With the exception of the experiment reported in Chapter 2, all the collectivistic samples in this programme of research were urban collectivistic samples.…”

Section: Scope and Generalisability Of The Current Programme Of Researchsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Similarly, the tendency for misinformation acceptance may be higher for rural collectivistic samples than an urban collectivistic sample. This is because previous work shows within collectivistic cultures, rural areas tend to be more collectivistic than urban areas (Göz, Çeven, & Tekcan, 2017;Ma et al, 2015), where hierarchy is emphasised and the interdependent self is predominant (Babes & Ros, 2005;Markus & Kitayama, 1991;Minkov et al, 2017). Consequently, hierarchy and reliance on social sources of information may be more pronounced in rural collectivistic cultures than urban collectivistic cultures.…”

Section: Scope and Generalisability Of The Current Programme Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 93%

Considering the native land of witnesses

Anakwah

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People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:

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“…They tell less detailed personal narratives and focus more on group norms and group needs and less on their own activities, thoughts, and feelings (Pillemer, 1998; Leichtman et al, 2003). Easterners also describe themselves more in terms of relationships than of personal attributes (Wang, 2006, 2016; Göz et al, 2017). As expected by Kağıtçıbaşı (2005), these differences do not only show between Western and Eastern countries, but also within countries, for instance between Western and Eastern Turkey (Sahin-Acar and Leichtman, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Narratives Are More Other-Centered, More Negative, and Less Coherent in Turkey Than in Germany: Comparing Provincial-Turkish, Metropolitan-Turkish, Turkish-German, and Native German Educated Young Adults

Altunnar

Habermas

2018

Front. Psychol.

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An individualized and coherent life story has been described as the form of identity that is required by highly mobile individualistic Western societies, whereas more family-oriented, traditional societies require more role-based, synchronic identities. Therefore in individualistic cultures entire life narratives can be expected to be more coherent and to contain more autobiographical arguments that contribute to life narrative coherence. This cultural group difference is expected to be mediated by individuals’ conformity to their respective cultural normative concept of biography, such that more conformity leads to less life narrative coherence and fewer autobiographical arguments. We tested these expectations by eliciting entire life narratives and cultural life scripts from four different cultural groups of students of technical universities: from provincial Karabük and from metropolitan Istanbul in Turkey, as well as from students with a Turkish migrant and with a native German background from urban Frankfurt am Main, Germany (N = 96). Expectations were confirmed for global life narrative coherence and autobiographical arguments with self-event connections. Conformity with a normative concept of biography indeed partially mediated cultural influences on life narrative coherence. Life narratives from Turkey also contained more family-related events and, unexpectedly, were more negative. Thus creating a coherent life narrative is more typical for cultures that require autonomous, individualized selves rather than for cultures requiring more related selves, reflecting the life story’s suitability for expressing individualized identities and its lesser suitability for expressing interdependent identities.

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Urban–rural differences in children's earliest memories

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

Genç ve Orta Yaşlı Yetişkinlerin En Eski ve Daha Sonraki Otobiyografik Anılarının Karşılaştırılması

Genç ve Orta Yaşlı Yetişkinlerin En Eski ve Daha Sonraki Otobiyografik Anılarının Karşılaştırılması

Considering the native land of witnesses

Life Narratives Are More Other-Centered, More Negative, and Less Coherent in Turkey Than in Germany: Comparing Provincial-Turkish, Metropolitan-Turkish, Turkish-German, and Native German Educated Young Adults

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