Urban-rural differences in the prevalence and correlates of mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan: The EMCIT study

Chuang, Yi Fang; Liu, Yi Chien; Tseng, Hsin Yi; Lin, Pei Xuan; Li, Cheng Yi; Shih, Min‐Hsiung; Lin, Kuan Chia; Yang, TienYu Owen; Yan, Sui Hing; Chiu, Yen Ling

doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2021.03.005

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The current study unexpectedly observed that men in rural Ghana were less likely to report SCCs which contradicts a recent study reporting greater mild cognitive impairment in rural dwellers (52). Even though SCCs may still be present, rural men could be underreporting its occurrences because of low health literacy or simply because they do not regard SCCs as a problem.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Past Month Alcohol Intake and Subjective Cognitive Complaints Amongst Men and Women in Ghana

Dey¹,

Ko²,

Darkwah³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Alcohol is widely used globally, and its intake has deleterious effects on cognitive functions. The relationship between alcohol intake and cognition has received extensive scientific investigation elsewhere but with little to no research coming from Ghana. The study examined the relationship between past-month alcohol intake and subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) amongst men and women controlling for the effects of covariates.Methods: Data of 4358 men and 12483 women aged 18 to 49 years from the Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey Six (GMICS 6) collected between 2017 and 2018 was used. Participants responded to self-report single-item questions measuring past month alcohol use and cognition difficulty levels. Ordered logistic regression models were built separately for men and women in Stata 14. Results: After adjusting for age, education levels, insurance, marital status, rural-urban residence, and region of residence, it was found that past-month alcohol intake was related to high levels of SCCs. However, the size of the odds ratio indicated a slightly higher effect in men [APOR=1.38, 95% CI:1.07, 1.79] than in women [APOR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.46]. Other significant relationships between covariates and SCCs are reported. Conclusion: Past month alcohol intake is related to high levels of SCCs of Ghanaian men and women. This finding highlights the need to implement and enforce policies to regulate the harmful use of alcohol amongst Ghanaians.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Past Month Alcohol Intake and Subjective Cognitive Complaints Amongst Men and Women in Ghana

Dey¹,

Ko²,

Darkwah³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Lower mean years of education (<6) and poor cognitive function were reported for rural-dwelling older adults [12]. Most of our participants were illiterate (35.7%) or had an elementary school level of education (32.1%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…On the other hand, rural areas in Taiwan have relatively low financial resources and less access to multiple services. Older adults in rural communities have various health problems, including sarcopenia, cognitive impairment, malnourishment, and a susceptibility to falls [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Community-Based Physical-Cognitive Training, Health Education, and Reablement among Rural Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Mobility Deficits

Song

Lin

Hung

2021

IJERPH

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Reablement services are approaches for maintaining and improving the functional independence of older adults. Previous reablement studies were conducted in a home environment. Due to the limited evidence on the effects of multicomponent interventions and reablement in a community-based context, this study aimed to develop and evaluate the effect of community-based physical–cognitive training, health education, and reablement (PCHER) among rural community-dwelling older adults with mobility deficits. The trial was conducted in rural areas of New Taipei City, Taiwan. Older adults with mild to moderate mobility deficits were recruited from six adult daycare centers, and a cluster assignment was applied in a counterbalanced order. The experimental group (n = 16) received a PCHER intervention, comprising 1.5 h of group courses and 1 h of individualized reablement training, while the control group (n = 12) underwent PCHE intervention, comprising 1.5 h of group courses and 1 h of placebo treatment. A 2.5-h training session was completed weekly for 10 weeks. The outcome measures contained the de Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI), the Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Examination, the Barthel Index (BI), the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). The PCHER significantly improved the DEMMI, SLUMS, BI, SPPB, and COPM (all p < 0.05), with medium-to-large effect sizes. PCHER also showed an advantage over PCHE in terms of the SPPB (p = 0.02). This study verified that combining individualized reablement with group-based multicomponent training was superior to group courses alone in enhancing the functional abilities of community-dwelling older adults with mobility deficits.

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“…Furthermore, studies by Chuang YF and Nakamura K revealed an odds of 2.3 and 4.0 respectively among rural residents. 133,134 These regional differences in rates of cognitive impairment suggests the presence of modi able factors with potential interventional implications, which ought to be elucidated in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden and correlates of cognitive impairment among hypertensive patients in Tanzania: A cross-sectional study

Pallangyo¹,

Mkojera²,

Komba³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The evolution of cognitive impairment of vascular origin is increasingly becoming a prominent health threat particularly in this era where hypertension is the leading contributor of global disease burden and overall health loss. Hypertension is associated with the alteration of the cerebral microcirculation coupled by unfavorable vascular remodeling with consequential slowing of mental processing speed, reduced abstract reasoning, loss of linguistic abilities, and attention and memory deficits. Owing to the rapidly rising burden of hypertension in Tanzania, we sought to assess the prevalence and correlates of cognitive impairment among hypertensive patients attending a tertiary cardiovascular hospital in Tanzania.Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute, a tertiary care public teaching hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania between March 2020 and February 2021. A consecutive sampling method was utilized to recruit consented hypertensive outpatients during their scheduled clinic visit. General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition (GPCOG) Score was utilized in the assessment of cognitive functions. All statistical analyses utilized STATA v11.0 software. Pearson Chi square and Student’s T-test were used to compare categorical and continuous variables respectively. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess for factors associated with cognitive impairment. Odd ratios with 95% confidence intervals and p-values are reported. All tests were 2-sided and p<0.05 was used to denote a statistical significance. Results: A total of 1201 hypertensive patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 58.1 years and females constituted nearly two-thirds of the study population. About three quarters had excess body weight, 16.6% had diabetes, 7.7% had history of stroke, 5.7% had heart failure, 16.7% had renal dysfunction, 53.7% had anemia, 27.7% had hypertriglyceridemia, 38.5% had elevated LDL, and 2.4% were HIV-infected. Nearly two-thirds of participants had uncontrolled blood pressure and 8.7% had orthostatic hypotension. Overall, 524 (43.6%) of participants had cognitive impairment. During bivariate analysis in a logistic regression model of 16 characteristics, 14 parameters showed association with cognitive functions. However, after controlling for confounders, multivariate analysis revealed ≤primary education (OR 3.5, 95%CI 2.4-5.2, p<0.001), unemployed state (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.2-2.6, p<0.01), rural habitation (OR 1.8, 95%CI 1.1-2.9, p=0.01) and renal dysfunction (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.0-2.7, p= 0.04) to have independent association with cognitive impairment. Conclusion: This present study underscore that cognitive decline is highly prevalent among individuals with systemic hypertension. Moreover, our observation suggests that low education, rural life, unemployment status and renal dysfunction interactions with elevated blood pressure has the potential to predict cognitive performance over time. As the effective disease-modifying treatments for cognitive impairment are lacking, these findings imply that several modifiable risk factors including hypertension represents a potentially vital mechanism for prevention or delay of cognitive impairment.

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Urban-rural differences in the prevalence and correlates of mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan: The EMCIT study

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Past Month Alcohol Intake and Subjective Cognitive Complaints Amongst Men and Women in Ghana

Past Month Alcohol Intake and Subjective Cognitive Complaints Amongst Men and Women in Ghana

Effects of Community-Based Physical-Cognitive Training, Health Education, and Reablement among Rural Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Mobility Deficits

Burden and correlates of cognitive impairment among hypertensive patients in Tanzania: A cross-sectional study

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