Urban-rural disparities of antenatal care in South East Asia: a case study in the Philippines and Indonesia

Wulandari, Ratna Dwi; Laksono, Agung Dwi; Rohmah, Nikmatur

doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11318-2

Cited by 46 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous studies have shown that this condition is caused by living in rural areas, having limited access, and expensive transportation costs to reach high-quality health services. 18 - 21 The results of this study are in line with previous research that living in rural areas makes it possible not to participate in NHI. 7 , 22 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Barriers to Expanding the National Health Insurance Membership in Indonesia: Who Should the Target?

Laksono

Nantabah

Wulandari

et al. 2022

J Prim Care Community Health

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The Indonesian government initiated National Health Insurance (NHI) to reduce health service barriers. The study aimed to analyze specific targets for expanding the NHI’s membership in Indonesia. Methods: The study population was all populations in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the study involved a 47 644 weighted sample. The analyzed variables included NHI’s membership, residence, age, gender, education, employment, marital status, and wealth. The study employed binary logistic regression in the final step. Results: The urban population was 0.608 times less likely than the rural population to become a non-member of NHI. Aging younger was one of the barriers to becoming an NHI member, and the male gender is one of the barriers to becoming an NHI member. Meanwhile, the lower the education level, the greater the obstacles to becoming an NHI member in Indonesia. Besides, the unemployed population was 1.002 more likely than the employed population to become a non-member of NHI. The result shows that never married or married have a higher chance of becoming a non-member of NHI. Finally, all wealth status categories are more likely to become barriers to the most prosperous population becoming an NHI member. Conclusions: The study concluded that 7 population characteristics become specific targets for expanding NHI membership in Indonesia. The 7 characteristics are the population who live in rural areas, are young, male, poor education, unemployed, never married or married, and poor.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Barriers to Expanding the National Health Insurance Membership in Indonesia: Who Should the Target?

Laksono

Nantabah

Wulandari

et al. 2022

J Prim Care Community Health

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies in Afghanistan also report that poor women have lower overall institutional delivery rates in public and private facilities [ 54 ]. Wealth status significantly contributes to antenatal care utilization in Indonesia and the Philippines [ 55 ]. A study in the Philippines reported that increasing health insurance ownership was accompanied by a decrease in inequality in health service utilization [ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospital utilization in Indonesia in 2018: do urban–rural disparities exist?

Wulandari

Laksono

Nantabah

et al. 2022

BMC Health Serv Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The government must ensure equality in health services access, minimizing existing disparities between urban and rural areas. The referral system in Indonesia is conceptually sound. However, there are still problems of uneven service access, and there is an accumulation of patients in certain hospitals. The study aims to analyze the urban–rural disparities in hospital utilization in Indonesia. Methods The study used secondary data from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Survey. This cross-sectional study gathered 629,370 respondents through stratification and multistage random sampling. In addition to the kind of home and hospital utilization, the study looked at age, gender, marital status, education, occupation, wealth, and health insurance as control factors. The research employed multinomial logistic regression to evaluate the data in the final step. Results According to the findings, someone who lives in an urban region has 1.493 times higher odds of using outpatient hospital services than someone in a rural area (AOR 1.493; 95% CI 1.489–1.498). Meanwhile, someone who lives in an urban region has 1.075 times higher odds of using an inpatient facility hospital than someone who lives in a rural one (AOR 1.075; 95% CI 1.073–1.077). Furthermore, someone living in an urban region has 1.208 times higher odds than someone who lives in a rural area using outpatient and inpatient hospital services simultaneously (AOR 1.208; 95% CI 1.204–1.212). Conclusion The study concluded there were urban–rural disparities in hospital utilization in Indonesia.

show abstract

“…In our study, more women in rural areas continue to deliver at home despite policies and strategies that promote facility births, and there is evidence that unequal access to services result in unnecessary deaths. 56 Our article therefore provides quantitative data that can be used to improve current approaches that will reduce urban–rural disparities among women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of home delivery in urban and rural Philippines: Evidence from the 2017 National Demographic and Health Survey

Amit

Pepito

Reyes

et al. 2022

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Women’s choice of place of delivery has implications on maternal and child mortality. This study aims to provide an updated and detailed comparison of prevalence and determinants of home delivery in the Philippines, and in urban and rural communities. Methods: Based on data from the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), we estimated the prevalence of home delivery and determined factors influencing women’s decision to deliver at home. Analyses were restricted to data from 7229 women who were cohabiting or married, and their last-born child using logistic regression methods for survey data. Results: There remain a considerable proportion of women aged 15–49 years old who delivered at home (17.92% (95% confidence interval (CI): 15.77, 20.30)). More women in rural areas delivered at home (23.53% (95% CI: 20.38, 26.99)) than their counterparts in urban areas (10.72% (95% CI: 8.23, 13.85)), reflecting a significant difference in the home delivery prevalence of women relative to their place of residence. Our regression analyses showed that there is a relatively greater effect observed for the rural population in most of the proximal factors considered including birth order, women’s decision-making power, and emergency preparedness during pregnancy. Wealth index has the most pronounced effect with a significant increase in odds of home delivery among urban and rural women of the lowest wealth categories. Conclusion: The use of institutional childbirth services remains suboptimal in the Philippines with significant disparities between urban and rural communities. Current strategies therefore need to adopt a multi-sectoral approach to address the complex factors influencing women’s decision on place of delivery. Targeted efforts specific to population groups should also be made to contextualize and co-create health care services and solutions that will motivate them to deliver in health facilities.

show abstract

Urban-rural disparities of antenatal care in South East Asia: a case study in the Philippines and Indonesia

Cited by 46 publications

References 57 publications

Barriers to Expanding the National Health Insurance Membership in Indonesia: Who Should the Target?

Barriers to Expanding the National Health Insurance Membership in Indonesia: Who Should the Target?

Hospital utilization in Indonesia in 2018: do urban–rural disparities exist?

Prevalence and determinants of home delivery in urban and rural Philippines: Evidence from the 2017 National Demographic and Health Survey

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About