Urban spatial evolution of Guangzhou’s Xiguan historic old town: An analysis under the semantics of the Conzen School

Abstract

The analysis of urban morphology using Conzen’s methods is relevant in terms of studying the historical transformation of the urban landscape and its interaction with modern urban development processes. Despite numerous studies of the general urbanization process in Guangzhou, specific aspects of the historical development of Xiguan have remained insufficiently covered. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the spatial structure and evolution of Guangzhou’s Guangfu Nan District with a detailed identification, analysis of key changes in the urban organization of this historic district, and proposals for effective urban landscape management and cultural integration development. The information and methodological basis of this paper is based on historical maps, archival records, and other primary sources to restore and substantiate the evolution of the urban environment, as well as to develop modern spatial planning strategies for the historic city of Xiguan. The study analyses the key reforms of urban planning and industrialization in the People’s Republic of China, determining their impact on urban morphology, economy and social structure, with a special focus on the periodization of the historical development of the Daguan River and the Xiguan Commercial District. A detailed analysis of the development of the street network, land distribution, and architectural layout was conducted using historical cartographic data and changes in land use. The results revealed how historical, cultural and economic factors have jointly influenced the shaping of Xiguan’s urban landscape, highlighting its unique contribution to the larger context of Guangzhou’s urbanization. This study not only enriched the understanding of the historical urbanization process in Southern China, but also provided valuable empirical data for planning the future development and conservation of historic districts in the region. The practical significance of this work is to develop proposals for strategic directions for the effective management of the urban landscape and preservation of the historical heritage of the old city of Xiguan in Guangzhou