Urban Sprawl: What is Urbanization and Why does it Matter?

Abstract

This chapter explains the importance of studying urbanization in the Mediterranean region. Urbanization has become a somewhat unfashionable topic among archaeologists and this may be because it has become bound up with questions of state formation. This chapter highlights the need to analyse urban settlements in the way that sanctuaries and cemeteries have come to be analysed, and argues that attempts to understand what is going on in the Mediterranean in the early Iron Age are doomed unless the importance of the town as a unit of analysis is reinserted and the variable forms of town as a unit are examined.

Pré-colonização: uma palavra para dizer a arqueologia dos primeiros contatos?

“…Alguns pesquisadores até sugeriram que o vocabulário "colonial" deveria ser totalmente abandonado pela literatura arqueológica e histórica da antiguidade (OSBORNE 1998(OSBORNE , 2005(OSBORNE e 2009PURCELL, 2005, p. 134-135;HALL, 2007, p. 93-94 palavras, a consolidação da presença grega que determina uma mudança no equilíbrio de poder em favor dos gregos e favorece o desenvolvimento de certas instalações -ao invés de outras. Certamente, é muito difícil para nós restituir a imagem do planejamento e da organização de um território nas primeiras gerações.…”

La précolonisation : un mot pour dire l’archéologie des premiers contacts ?

“…Certains chercheurs ont même suggéré que le vocabulaire « colonial » devrait être totalement abandonné par la littérature archéologique et historique de l'Antiquité (OSBORNE 1998(OSBORNE , 2005(OSBORNE et 2009PURCELL, 2005, p. 134-135 ;HALL, 2007, p. 93-94). Ces nouvelles questions posées sur les phénomènes coloniaux ne sont pas sans rapport avec l'attention portée aux contextes de cohabitation gréco-indigène.…”

Introduction: European Prehistory and Urban Studies

“…Despite the caution raised as early as the 1970s that urbanization and civilization are independent variables (Rouse 1972), 2003 saw the publication of a book called Understanding early civilizations, which refers to seven case-studies of urban development (Trigger 2003), and another book, The social construction of ancient cities, calling civilization a 'disfavoured' term (M. L. Smith 2003, p. 12). The latter publication also criticises the continual causal association between urban, political authority and state (see also Osborne 2007;Jennings and Earle 2016 A further complication is entailed by the two competing strands that either conceptualize urban development in an evolutionary framework (e.g. Childe 1950;Yoffee 2005), or deem an 'evolutionary typology of urban life' impossible (Trigger 1972;A.…”