Urban Stream Restoration Using a Natural Channel Design Approach

Doll, Barbara; Jenkins, James W.; Patterson, Jan M.; Coleman, N. Jill; Jennings, Gregory D.; Buckner, Carolyn M.; Mayes, David B.

doi:10.1061/40581(2001)2

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The lower the naturalness grade, the higher is the level of recommended restorative treatment. The restoration methods were based on various studies [ 41 , 76 , 77 , 78 ] related to ecological restoration, including “The SER International primer on ecological restoration” [ 63 , 64 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Evaluation and Preparation of the Reference Information for River Restoration in South Korea

Lim

Pi²,

Kim

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We assessed the naturalness of rivers based on the riparian vegetation index throughout the national territory of South Korea as a preparatory process for restoration to improve the ecological quality of rivers. The riparian vegetation index was obtained by incorporating the diversity of species and community, vegetation profile, and ratios of the number of species and areas occupied by exotic, obligate upland, and annual plants. The evaluation was conducted based on both the riparian vegetation index and each vegetation component. The result of the evaluation based on the riparian vegetation index showed that more than 70% of the river reaches were graded as less than “moderate” and exotic and obligate upland plants were more common than endemic aquatic plants. The reaches recorded as “very good” and “good” grades were usually restricted around the upstream of the north and central-eastern parts, whereas reaches of the other areas showed “poor” naturalness (less than “moderate”). The vegetation components selected for the evaluation showed a significant correlation with each other as well as the riparian vegetation index. The degree of contribution of each vegetation component showed that the vegetation profile played the most significant role, followed by species diversity, community diversity, and the ratio of area occupied by annual plants. The riparian vegetation index revealed a significant correlation with the indices based on other taxa such as benthic invertebrates, periphytic algae, and fish, habitat conditions in the waterway, and water quality based on biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The diagnostic evaluation results imply that most reaches need ecological restoration. The reference information was prepared by incorporating the vegetation condition with the highest score in each reach in the diagnostic evaluation. The river reach was divided into five reaches of upper and lower valley streams, upstream, midstream, and downstream. Information on the reference vegetation for restoration was prepared with the stand profile including both horizontal and vertical arrangements of riparian vegetation and species composition classified by the reach divided into five types. The levels of restoration were determined based on the diagnostic evaluation results. The lower the naturalness grade, the higher the level of restorative treatment was recommended.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Evaluation and Preparation of the Reference Information for River Restoration in South Korea

Lim

Pi²,

Kim

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There have been many studies and cookbook-type guidance manuals developed over the past decade to encourage qualified practitioners in stream restoration planning, design, and implementation (USDA, 2001;Doll et al, 2003;Soar and Thorne, 2001;Copeland and McComas, 2001). This section focuses on the geomorphic perspective and discusses the stream analysis techniques that should be involved prior the flood channel restoration design.…”

Section: Stream Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This natural channel design approach, which involves realignment of rivers and streams with forms that emulate the natural watercourses, has been increasingly applied throughout the world over the past decade for the restoration of degraded streams, particularly in urban areas. The purpose of this practice is to achieve a self-regulating stability of form that characterizes natural rivers and streams in order to reduce damage to property and infrastructure and improve the aesthetic value and ecosystem function of the watercourse (Ness and Joy, 2002;Rosgen, 1994;Doll et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Restoration Of Concrete Flood-Control Channels

Fan¹

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many rivers and streams throughout the world in the past century were severely affected by human activities including water extraction, watershed land use changes, power generation, dam and levee construction. In highly urbanized cities, engineering practices advocate straightening, enlarging, and converting the natural rivers and streams into concrete channels to minimize flooding and erosion problems. These engineering design approaches destroy the natural equilibrium of the fluvial systems and eliminate the aquatic and riparian species in the watercourse. The objective of this research is to develop a general stream restoration design approach for flood control concrete channels in highly urbanized areas. The restoration goals are: 1) to create a natural and self-sustainable river system in order to re-establish the aquatic species on the flood control channel; 2) to provide appropriate in-stream covers, pools and riffles features for fish spawning and rearing; and 3) to maintain the flood control function after stream restoration. There are four phrases involved in the design methodology of flood channels restoration: 1) identification of restoration goals, 2) stream assessment on the existing condition; 3) modification and verification of the low-flow channel design based on stream assessment findings; and 4) confirmation of the original flood control function. Yuen Long Nullah in Hong Kong will be used as a pilot site study to demonstrate the design framework. Meanders and deflectors will be applied to the low-flow channel modification design. A physical model representing an actual 2-metre wide meander channel section of the low-flow channel was constructed and experimented at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University’s Hydraulics Laboratory. A numerical sediment transport model using the CCHE2D program was used to adjust the modification design and verify the flood control function. The pilot site has been tentatively demonstrated the restoration design approach developed in this research where deflectors are a major factor on pools creation. Moreover, a single deflector located along the inner curvature of the meander section with 1/3 contraction ratio is proved to be the best design using the physical model. The numerical model using the CCHE2D program showed that the 7-block system can be used to model a deflector with porosity of 40%. Numerical results also demonstrated that the bed material will not be totally flushed out after a severe thunder storm.

show abstract

“…River restoration -defined here as deliberate acts to measurably improve existing river conditions -benefits from a substantial and diverse literature base (e.g. Doll et al 2003, Shields et al 2003, FISWRG 2004, Saldi-Caromile et al 2004, Darby and Sear 2008, Skidmore et al 2010. A common theme within the literature provides that ideal(ly) restoration is supported by science-based planning that identifies specific actions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%