Urban Sustainability and Resilience Governance: Review from The Perspective of Climate Change Adaptation And Disaster Risk Reduction

Abstract

The imperative of ‘making cities resilient and sustainable’ necessitates cities to develop adaptation concepts and practices in response to the uncertainty, rapid change, and complexity of urban areas. A new concept of governance that can answer the challenges of contemporary urban development and ensure long-term sustainable development is required. This study aimed to identify the general framework of adaptive urban governance by review, elaboration, and analysis of documents, in this case, scientific articles that discuss urban governance specifically related to climate change adaptation (CCA) and disaster risk reduction (DRR). The results of this study include an overview of governance approaches appearing in the literature on CCA and DRR, which was parsed down to the adaptive and anticipatory approaches. Adaptive governance requires the principle of flexibility applied in the management cycle in policy formulation, while anticipatory governance requires the principle of proactivity with the application of future foresight in policy formulation. The dimension of governance consists of process/mechanism (risk management) and capacity (technical, institutional, financial, and human capacity). Some challenges in building good governance based on an adaptive approach are encouraging community involvement, increasing local government capacities, and building integration between actors, networks, and collaborations. Abstrak. Dalam menjadikan suatu kota tangguh dan berkelanjutan, kota diharuskan untuk mengembangkan konsep dan praktik adaptasi dalam menanggapi ketidakpastian, perubahan yang cepat, dan kompleksitas kawasan perkotaan. Diperlukan konsep tata kelola baru yang dapat menjawab tantangan pembangunan perkotaan kontemporer dan memastikan pembangunan berkelanjutan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kerangka umum tata kelola kota adaptif dengan metode review, elaborasi, dan analisis dokumen, dalam hal ini artikel ilmiah yang membahas tentang tata kelola kota secara khusus terkait dengan adaptasi perubahan iklim (CCA) dan pengurangan risiko bencana (PRB). Hasil penelitian ini meliputi gambaran pendekatan tata kelola yang muncul dalam literatur CCA dan PRB, yang diuraikan menjadi pendekatan adaptif dan antisipatif. Tata kelola adaptif membutuhkan prinsip fleksibilitas yang diterapkan dalam siklus pengelolaan dalam perumusan kebijakan, sedangkan tata kelola antisipatif membutuhkan prinsip proaktif dengan penerapan pandangan jauh ke depan dalam perumusan kebijakan. Dimensi tata kelola terdiri dari proses / mekanisme (manajemen risiko) dan kapasitas (teknis, kelembagaan, keuangan, dan kapasitas manusia). Beberapa tantangan dalam membangun tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik berdasarkan pendekatan adaptif adalah mendorong keterlibatan masyarakat, meningkatkan kapasitas pemerintah daerah, dan membangun integrasi antar aktor, jaringan, dan kolaborasi. Kata kunci: pendekatan tata kelola; tata kelola kota; pembangunan berkelanjutan; ketahanan; kerangka konseptual.

Exploring Gaps and Strategies: A Pilot Interview for Enhancing Disaster Risk Governance in Malaysia through Integrated Climate Change Adaptation for Resilience in the Future

“…Urban governance plays a critical role in building resilient communities, with adaptive and anticipatory governance strategies being vital when integrating disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) (UNDP, 2017). Addressing real-world challenges like DRR and CCA integration requires alternative perspectives, research, consensus, and multidisciplinary collaboration (Begum et al, 2014a;Ni'mah et al, 2021;Valente et al, 2022).…”

“…Sustainability in implementing DRR with CCA is the research focus. This involves organizational capacity building, efficient funding, education, stakeholder networks, and more (Pereira et al, 2010;Shaw et al, 2010;Forino et al, 2015b;Serrao-Neumann et al, 2015;Ni'mah et al, 2021). Efforts to incorporate DRR and CCA aim for sustainability at various administrative levels.…”

Opportunities for and barriers to anticipatory governance of two lake social–ecological systems in Germany and Canada

“…However, the common visions established in the first workshops, as well as the backcasting scenario exercises, certainly showed that stakeholders possess a high capacity to envision common goals and objectives for the future of the lakes, and that they are willing to shape the future using anticipatory measures, despite coming from diverse sectors, backgrounds and having different personal objectives. The expression of such foresight capacity corresponds with the motivation behind the adhesion to anticipatory governance principles (Boyd et al, 2015;Ni'mah et al, 2021). Yet, making use of the stakeholders' common visions and of the backcasting scenarios they created is the critical step that they still need to take to integrate foresight into local SES governance.…”

Sustainable development with environmental, social and governance: Strategies for urban sustainability

“…In related perspectives, the concern to connect urban policies with sustainability has become a multidisciplinary theme overcoming the barriers of traditional urban planning, promoted directly by architects and indirectly by the agents producing the space (Bernardi, 2009; Corrêa, 1989). In fact, urban sustainability has become a goal for several nations, in the search to propose and enable cities that meet the needs of its users (Ni'mah et al, 2021).…”