Urban Traffic Calming and Health: A Literature Review

Bellefleur, Olivier

doi:10.1037/e507502013-137

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Planners, designers, and engineers may strengthen their case for physical environment changes if they can connect how infrastructure might address the most immediate social environment concerns of local residents. For example, speeding can be mitigated by narrowing roadways and applying other traffic calming measures ( 37 ). Bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure may also support local businesses and neighborhood reinvestment ( 38 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Safety and Security Barriers to Walking and Bicycling: Insights from Milwaukee

Schneider

Wiers

Schmitz³

2022

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Two broad categories of barriers to improving pedestrian and bicycle transportation are concerns about traffic safety and personal security. Gathering residents’ perceptions of these barriers can help public agencies develop effective and equitable strategies to create more sustainable transportation systems. We analyzed open-ended responses to the 2020 Milwaukee Safe and Healthy Streets survey to identify common traffic safety barriers (e.g., driver behavior such as speeding and red-light-running) and personal security barriers (e.g., undesirable street behaviors such as gun violence, robbery, and assault) to walking and bicycling. Then, we developed binary logistic models to identify perceptions of neighborhood characteristics, and individual demographic characteristics related to perceiving walking or bicycling as unsafe with respect to traffic or personal security. For walking, respondents’ traffic safety concerns were most strongly associated with perceptions of fast neighborhood traffic speeds, and personal security concerns were associated with perceptions of poor neighborhood cleanliness. For bicycling, both traffic safety concerns and personal security concerns were most strongly associated with poor neighborhood opportunities for exercise. At an individual level, living in a zero-vehicle household and having self-reported poor health were associated with rating traffic safety for both walking and bicycling as unsafe; having disabilities was associated with rating walking as unsafe. In almost every aspect of our analysis, respondents living in lower-income communities reported greater barriers to pedestrian and bicycle safety and security than residents from wealthier neighborhoods. The results emphasized the importance of both the social and physical environment for improving pedestrian and bicycle transportation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Safety and Security Barriers to Walking and Bicycling: Insights from Milwaukee

Schneider

Wiers

Schmitz³

2022

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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“…For example, many jurisdictions worldwide have implemented automated speed enforcement programmes including the installation of speed cameras, speed display boards and photo radar, which are known to reduce crashes and fatal and serious injuries 56. Changes in road geometry and design, more often referred to as traffic calming measures, are also part of the toolkit that municipalities can use and have been proven to be effective not only in reducing speed but also in improving neighbourhood quality of life (eg, noise reduction and air quality improvement) 65…”

Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…56 Changes in road geometry and design, more often referred to as traffic calming measures, are also part of the toolkit that municipalities can use and have been proven to be effective not only in reducing speed but also in improving neighbourhood quality of life (eg, noise reduction and air quality improvement). 65…”

Section: Speed Management Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building CapaCITY/É for sustainable transportation: protocol for an implementation science research program in healthy cities

Winters,

Fuller,

Cloutier

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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IntroductionImproving sustainable transportation options will help cities tackle growing challenges related to population health, congestion, climate change and inequity. Interventions supporting active transportation face many practical and political hurdles. Implementation science aims to understand how interventions or policies arise, how they can be translated to new contexts or scales and who benefits. Sustainable transportation interventions are complex, and existing implementation science frameworks may not be suitable. To apply and adapt implementation science for healthy cities, we have launched our mixed-methods research programme, CapaCITY/É. We aim to understand how, why and for whom sustainable transportation interventions are successful and when they are not.Methods and analysisAcross nine Canadian municipalities and the State of Victoria (Australia), our research will focus on two types of sustainable transportation interventions: all ages and abilities bicycle networks and motor vehicle speed management interventions. We will (1)documentthe implementation process and outcomes of both types of sustainable transportation interventions; (2)examineequity, health and mobility impacts of these interventions; (3)advanceimplementation science by developing a novel sustainable transportation implementation science framework and (4)developtools for scaling up and scaling out sustainable transportation interventions. Training activities will develop interdisciplinary scholars and practitioners able to work at the nexus of academia and sustainable cities.Ethics and disseminationThis study received approval from the Simon Fraser University Office of Ethics Research (H22-03469). A Knowledge Mobilization Hub will coordinate dissemination of findings via a website; presentations to academic, community organisations and practitioner audiences; and through peer-reviewed articles.

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“…It should be noted, though, that the issues tackled in these articles concern mainly parking in urban areas. A different TCM study approach, taking into account their effect on traffic performance, traffic safety, the natural environment, public health, and the economy, was presented in articles [11][12][13][14][15][16],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Calming Measures and Their Slowing Effect on the Pedestrian Refuge Approach Sections

Majer,

Sołowczuk

2023

Sustainability

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The ever-increasing use of motor vehicles causes a number of traffic safety and community issues, which are particularly severe in cities, accompanied by a scarcity of parking spaces and challenges encountered in road layout alteration projects. The commonly applied solutions include the designation of through streets, the implementation of on-street parking on residential streets, and retrofitted traffic calming measures (TCMs). This article presents the results of the study conducted on a two-way street where the Metered Parking System (MPS) was implemented together with diagonal and parallel parking spaces, refuge islands, horizontal deflection, and lane narrowing by a single-sided chicane. The aim of this study was to identify those TCMs that effectively helped to reduce the island approach speed. The heuristic method was applied to assess the effect of the respective TCMs on reducing the island approach speed, and the key speed reduction determinants were defined using a cause-and-effect diagram and a Pareto chart. The determinants were evaluated with the binary system and tautological inference principles, whereby a determinant was rated as true when it was found in the field, with a simultaneous speed reduction determined in the survey. Determinants that were not confirmed in the field were rated untrue. Comparative analyses were carried out to rate the respective TCMs as effective, moderately effective, or ineffective. In this way, the following three determinants were rated as the most important for speed reduction at refuge islands: free view, visibility of a pedestrian on the right-hand side of the island, and the refuge island surroundings. Although the study was limited to a single street in Poland, the findings may hold true in other countries where similar TCMs are used.

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Urban Traffic Calming and Health: A Literature Review

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Perceived Safety and Security Barriers to Walking and Bicycling: Insights from Milwaukee

Perceived Safety and Security Barriers to Walking and Bicycling: Insights from Milwaukee

Building CapaCITY/É for sustainable transportation: protocol for an implementation science research program in healthy cities

Traffic Calming Measures and Their Slowing Effect on the Pedestrian Refuge Approach Sections

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