Urban Transition in Mongolia: Pursuing Sustainability in a Unique Environment

Dore, Giovanna Maria Dora; Nagpal, Tanvi

doi:10.3200/envt.48.6.10-24

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…This knowledge gap is particularly pronounced among rural participants, both nomadic and small regional town populations. Therefore one could surmise that as the nation continues to experience rapid epidemiological transition and rural to urban migration, a lack of knowledge coupled with changing diets and lifestyle patterns expected, may result in higher burdens of diabetes for future populations [15-17]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring knowledge, attitudes and practices related to diabetes in Mongolia: a national population-based survey

et al. 2013

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BackgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) are now the leading causes of mortality in Mongolia, and diabetes, in particular, is a growing public health threat. Mongolia is a nation undergoing rapid and widespread epidemiological transition and urbanisation: a process that is expected to continue in coming decades and is likely to increase the diabetes burden. To better inform policy and public-health responses to the impact of the growth in NCDs, a national NCD Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices survey was implemented in Mongolia in 2010; a section of which focused on diabetes.MethodsThis survey was a nationally-representative, household-based questionnaire conducted by field-workers. Households were selected using a multi-stage, cluster sampling technique, with one participant (aged 15–64) selected from each of the 3540 households. Questions explored demographic and administrative parameters, as well as knowledge attitudes and practices around NCDs and their risk factors.ResultsThis research suggests low levels of diabetes-related health knowledge in Mongolia. Up to fifty percent of Mongolian sub-populations, and one in five of the total population, had never heard the term diabetes prior to surveying. This research also highlights a high level of misunderstanding around the symptomatology and natural progression of diabetes; for example, one-third of Mongolians were unaware that the disease could be prevented through lifestyle changes. Further, this study suggests that a low proportion of Mongolians have received counseling or health education about diabetes, with lowest access to such services for the urban poor and least educated sub-populations.ConclusionsThis research suggests a low prevalence of diabetes-related health-knowledge among Mongolians. In this light, health-education should be part of any national strategy on diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring knowledge, attitudes and practices related to diabetes in Mongolia: a national population-based survey

et al. 2013

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“…The ger is a circular tent-like structure consisting of a wooden framework and is covered with a felt made from wool of sheep, goats, or yaks, having sufficient living space for a Mongolian household. As it is mobile, lightweight, and portable, making it well suited for easy movement, the ger is an ideal living solution for nomadic people and well adapted to the nomadic life in a sustainable way (Dore & Nagpal, 2006;Kamata, Reichert, Tsevegmid, Kim, & Sedgewick, 2010). Considering the advantage of such portability, migrants relocate to the city often by disassembling their ger, loading it and its contents onto a truck, and reassembling it in peripheral areas (Badarch, Batsukh, & Batmunkh, 2003).…”

Section: Urban Expansion In Ulaanbaatarmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Mongolians were freed from restrictions on internal migration and job selection; consequently, many rural Mongolians migrated into urban areas to seek jobs and education (Algaa, 2007;Byambadorj et al, 2011). Rural Mongolian, especially nomadic people, typically lives in a ger, which is a traditional Mongolian dwelling designed for a nomadic lifestyle in grassland (Dore & Nagpal, 2006). The ger is a circular tent-like structure consisting of a wooden framework and is covered with a felt made from wool of sheep, goats, or yaks, having sufficient living space for a Mongolian household.…”

Section: Urban Expansion In Ulaanbaatarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing urban expansion using feature-oriented spatial data in a peripheral area of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Tsutsumida

Saizen

Matsuoka

et al. 2015

Habitat International

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a b s t r a c tBecause of the lack of time-series spatial data on urban components, urban expansion in developing countries has usually been studied using a pixel-based approach, despite the coarse spatial resolution associated with this technique. To understand the residential-scale processes involved in urban expansion, we developed feature-oriented GIS data extracted from very high spatial resolution satellite images (IKONOS for 2000 and Quickbird for 2006 and 2008). We selected a fringe area of Ulaanbaatar, the capital municipality of Mongolia, as a case study. Residential plots in this area have developed in an unplanned manner owing to the poor execution of land reform policy. This study facilitated the residential-scale delineation of the significantly expanding area occupied by private land plots in time series. It also permitted the identification of geographical factors driving the expansion. Using a logistic regression model, we found that such expansion is related to social infrastructure rather than to natural landforms. In particular, new plots of private land tended to be built near pre-existing plots and in proximity to roads and water kiosks (which provide essential drinking water for residents). These findings and the probability map predicted by the model have implications for urban planners and decision makers.

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“…Recognised as a public health concern in Mongolia, its burden is rising - likely associated with the recent rapid epidemiological transition and associated dietary, socio-economic and lifestyle changes in this population [2,3]. Further, in the setting of rapid economic growth and urban migration, this burden is likely to grow in coming decades [4]. Yet translating public health concern into policies and health-sector action has been stifled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension and hypertension-related disease in Mongolia; findings of a national knowledge, attitudes and practices study

et al. 2013

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BackgroundMongolia has a high and increasing burden of hypertension and related disease, with cardiovascular diseases among the leading causes of death. Yet little is known about the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the Mongolian population with regards to blood pressure. With this in mind, a national Non-Communicable Diseases knowledge, attitudes and practices survey on blood pressure was implemented in late 2010. This paper reports on the findings of this research.MethodsUsing a multi-stage, random cluster sampling method 3450 participant households were selected from across Mongolia. This survey was interviewer-administered and included demographic and socio-economic questions. Sample size was calculated using methods aligned with the World Health Organization STEPS surveys.ResultsOne fifth of participants reported having never heard the term ‘blood pressure’. This absence of health knowledge was significantly higher in men, and particularly younger men. The majority of participants recognised high blood pressure to be a threat to health, with a higher level of risk awareness among urban individuals. Education level and older age were generally associated with a heightened knowledge and risk perception. Roughly seven in ten participants were aware of the relationship between salt and blood pressure. Exploring barriers to screening, participants rated a ‘lack of perceived importance’ as the main deterring factor among fellow Mongolians and overall, participants perceived medication and exercise as the only interventions to be moderately effective at preventing high blood pressure.ConclusionRural populations; younger populations; men; and less educated populations, all with lower levels of knowledge and risk perception regarding hypertension, present those most vulnerable to it and the related health outcomes. This research intimates major health knowledge gaps in sub-populations within Mongolia, regarding health-risks related to hypertension.

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Urban Transition in Mongolia: Pursuing Sustainability in a Unique Environment

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Exploring knowledge, attitudes and practices related to diabetes in Mongolia: a national population-based survey

Exploring knowledge, attitudes and practices related to diabetes in Mongolia: a national population-based survey

Addressing urban expansion using feature-oriented spatial data in a peripheral area of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Hypertension and hypertension-related disease in Mongolia; findings of a national knowledge, attitudes and practices study

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