Urbanization and non-communicable disease in Southeast Asia: a review of current evidence

Angkurawaranon, Chaisiri; Jiraporncharoen, Wichuda; Chenthanakij, Boriboon; Doyle, Pat; Nitsch, Dorothea

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2014.08.003

Cited by 60 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…We found that living in an urban area as a child increased risk of T2DM among men and women in models without adjustment for BMI. Previous reports from this cohort40 and other developing countries12 shows urbanisation is associated with reduced physical activity, increased consumption of alcohol and highly processed food items and a higher BMI level. The attenuation of the association between urbanisation and T2DM risk that we observed after the addition of BMI to our model suggests that BMI has a major impact on the relationship between urbanisation and T2DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Incidence and risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in transitional Thailand: results from the Thai cohort study

et al. 2016

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BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly prevalent in countries undergoing rapid development, including Thailand. We assessed T2DM incidence over an 8-year period in a nationwide cohort of Thai adults.MethodsThai Cohort Study participants were surveyed in 2005, 2009 and 2013. The analysed cohort members were aged (15–88), did not have diabetes in 2005 and were followed up by questionnaire in 2013 (n=39 507). T2DM was ascertained using self-report, which has been validated using physician interviews. We calculated the 8-year cumulative incidence of T2DM. Multivariable logistic regression assessed associations between potential risk factors and T2DM incidence.Results8-year cumulative incidence of T2DM (2005 to 2013) was 177 per 10 000 (95% CI 164 to 190). Crude and age-standardised cumulative incidences of T2DM by sex were 249 per 10 000 (95% CI 226 to 272) and 222 per 10 000 (95% CI 219 to 225) for men; and 119 per 10 000 (95% CI 105 to 133) and 96 per 10 000 (95% CI 94 to 98) for women, respectively. T2DM increased significantly for both sexes with increasing age and body mass index (BMI) (p trend <0.001 for both). Residence in an urban area as a child associated with T2DM among men and women (OR=1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.7 and OR=1.4, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.79); this was no longer statistically significant after adjusting for BMI. Among men, smoking (OR=1.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.2) and alcohol intake (OR=1.8, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.0) were associated with T2DM.ConclusionsThis study found that the sociodemographic and lifestyle changes that have accompanied Thailand's economic development are associated with T2DM risk in a large cohort of Thai adults. Our findings highlight the need to address these transitions to prevent a further increase in the national incidence of T2DM, particularly among Thai men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Incidence and risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in transitional Thailand: results from the Thai cohort study

et al. 2016

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“…Across both studies reported here, rates of diabetes were highest in urban areas (~10%), a rate that was consistent across methodologies. This effect of urbanicity is well documented in the developing world, including in Asia . When traditional societies experience rapid and unplanned urbanization, lifestyles change towards unhealthy nutrition, reduced physical activity, and subsequent overweight and obesity .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect of urbanicity is well documented in the developing world, including in Asia. 13 When traditional societies experience rapid and unplanned urbanization, lifestyles change towards unhealthy nutrition, reduced physical activity, and subsequent overweight and obesity. 14 Urbanization can also increase air pollutants, exposure to which is well documented to increase risk for type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes and cardiometabolic risk factors in Cambodia: Results from two screening studies

Wagner

Naranjo

Khun

et al. 2017

Journal of Diabetes

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“…In addition, there are no studies on the potential risk factors for illicit drug use in the population of urban settlements in the country. Some studies show that people living in urban settlements have a high prevalence of illicit drug use, 9,10 and that may contribute to the increase of morbidity and mortality due to diseases associated with the use of these substances. Thus, the objective of our study was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with the use of illicit drugs by adolescents and young adults in a formal urban settlement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of illicit drugs by adolescents and young adults of an urban settlement in Brazil

Guimarães

Souza

Caetano

et al. 2018

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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Urbanization and non-communicable disease in Southeast Asia: a review of current evidence

Cited by 60 publications

References 57 publications

Incidence and risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in transitional Thailand: results from the Thai cohort study

Incidence and risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in transitional Thailand: results from the Thai cohort study

Diabetes and cardiometabolic risk factors in Cambodia: Results from two screening studies

Use of illicit drugs by adolescents and young adults of an urban settlement in Brazil

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