Urea-based hydrothermal synthesis of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode material for Li-ion battery

Shi, Yang; Zhang, Minghao; Fang, Chengcheng; Meng, Ying Shirley

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.05.030

Cited by 94 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The linear behavior in the low-frequency region of the EIS spectrum shows the Li + diffusion behavior, and the Li + diffusion coefficient D Li + is calculated using the expression eq.(5). 39,[42][43][44][45]…”

Section: B Electrochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Properties and Crystal Structure of Li⁺/H⁺ Cation-Exchanged LiNiO₂

Toma

Hongo

2020

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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LiNiO 2 has high energy density but easily reacts with moisture in the atmosphere and deteriorates. We performed qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the degraded phase of LiNiO 2 and the influence of the structural change on the electrochemical properties of the phase. Li 1 − x H x NiO 2 phase with cation exchange between Li + and H + was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis and Karl Fischer titration measurement. As the H concentration in LiNiO 2 increased, the rate capability deteriorated, especially in the low-temperature range and under low state of charge. Experimental and density functional theory (DFT) calculation results suggested that this outcome was due to increased activation energy of Li + diffusion owing to cation exchange. Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction and DFT calculation confirmed that the c lattice parameter and Li-O layer reduced because of the Li + /H + cation exchange. These results indicate that LiNiO 2 modified in the atmosphere has a narrowed Li-O layer, which is the Li diffusion path, and the rate characteristics are degraded.

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Section: B Electrochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Properties and Crystal Structure of Li⁺/H⁺ Cation-Exchanged LiNiO₂

Toma

Hongo

2020

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…[14] It is commonly recognized that Li loss is one of the major issues that are responsible for capacity degradation of NCM-based cathodes. [14] It is commonly recognized that Li loss is one of the major issues that are responsible for capacity degradation of NCM-based cathodes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 (NCM523) is one of the predominant cathode materials in the state-of-the-art LIBs due to its relatively high energy density and low cost (compared with LiCoO 2 and LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 ), as well as its balance in the property matrix including cycling performance, rate capacity, and thermal stability. [14] It is commonly recognized that Li loss is one of the major issues that are responsible for capacity degradation of NCM-based cathodes. [15][16][17] As Li losses, the TM cations (e.g., Ni 2+ ) start to migrate between the layers, which slowly induces unfavorable phase changes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient‐Pressure Relithiation of Degraded Li_xNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ (0 < x < 1) via Eutectic Solutions for Direct Regeneration of Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathodes

Shi

Zhang

Meng

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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Today's lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) can offer high energy density (260 Wh kg −1 and 700 Wh L −1 at cell level), and high Coulombic efficiency (99.98%) and long cycling life (>1000 cycles), making them the dominating power sources for portable electronics and electric vehicles (EVs). [1,2] Due to With the rapid growth of the lithium-ion battery (LIBs) market, recycling and re-use of end-of-life LIBs to reclaim lithium (Li) and transition metal (TM) resources (e.g., Co, Ni), as well as eliminating pollution from disposal of waste batteries, has become an urgent task. Here, for the first time the ambient-pressure relithiation of degraded LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 (NCM523) cathodes via eutectic Li + molten-salt solutions is successfully demonstrated. Combining such a low-temperature relithiation process with a well-designed thermal annealing step, NCM523 cathode particles with significant Li loss (≈40%) and capacity degradation (≈50%) can be successfully regenerated to achieve their original composition and crystal structures, leading to effective recovery of their capacity, cycling stability, and rate capability to the levels of the pristine materials. Advanced characterization tools including atomic resolution electron microscopy imaging and electron energy loss spectroscopy are combined to demonstrate that NCM523's original layered crystal structure is recovered. For the first time, it is shown that layer-to-rock salt phase change on the surfaces and subsurfaces of the cathode materials can be reversed if lithium can be incorporated back to the material. The result suggests the great promise of using eutectic Li +

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“…As a matter of fact, with the amount of urea increased, the mother liquor separated from the NCMCO precipitates were observed to be greener and greener, confirming the reduced precipitation ability of nickel ions. Furthermore, the solubility constant of NiCO 3 (K sp (NiCO 3 ) = 1.4 × 10 À 7 ) is higher than that of CoCO 3 (K sp (CoCO 3 ) = 1 × 10 À 10 ) and MnCO 3 (K sp (MnCO 3 ) = 8.8 × 10 À 11 ), [50] indicating that NiCO 3 has higher solubility than CoCO 3 and MnCO 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tunable Olive‐Like Ni_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1CO₃ and its Transformation to LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ Cathode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2019

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Uniform olive‐like Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1CO3 carbonate precursors were successfully synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Powder X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy revealed that crystal size and elemental contents of carbonate precursors could be slightly tuned by regulating the molar ratio of urea and transition metal ions, moreover, a synergetic crystal evolution mechanism involving Ostwald ripening and crystal etching for the formation of olive‐like carbonate precursors was put forward for the first time. The improvement in temperature facilitated the increment in size of primary particles of oxides transformed from carbonate precursors. Vermiform LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode materials transformed from olive‐like carbonate precursors exhibited high discharge capacity of 193.4 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, and capacity retention of 85.4 % at 1 C after 100 cycles. Charge transfer impedance (Rct) and diffusion coefficient of lithium ion (DLi+) revealed the electrochemical properties of cathode materials.

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Urea-based hydrothermal synthesis of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode material for Li-ion battery

Cited by 94 publications

References 49 publications

Electrochemical Properties and Crystal Structure of Li⁺/H⁺ Cation-Exchanged LiNiO₂

Electrochemical Properties and Crystal Structure of Li⁺/H⁺ Cation-Exchanged LiNiO₂

Ambient‐Pressure Relithiation of Degraded Li_xNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ (0 < x < 1) via Eutectic Solutions for Direct Regeneration of Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathodes

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tunable Olive‐Like Ni_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1CO₃ and its Transformation to LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ Cathode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

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Urea-based hydrothermal synthesis of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode material for Li-ion battery

Cited by 94 publications

References 49 publications

Electrochemical Properties and Crystal Structure of Li+/H+ Cation-Exchanged LiNiO2

Electrochemical Properties and Crystal Structure of Li+/H+ Cation-Exchanged LiNiO2

Ambient‐Pressure Relithiation of Degraded LixNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (0 < x < 1) via Eutectic Solutions for Direct Regeneration of Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathodes

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tunable Olive‐Like Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1CO3 and its Transformation to LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Cathode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

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Electrochemical Properties and Crystal Structure of Li⁺/H⁺ Cation-Exchanged LiNiO₂

Electrochemical Properties and Crystal Structure of Li⁺/H⁺ Cation-Exchanged LiNiO₂

Ambient‐Pressure Relithiation of Degraded Li_xNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ (0 < x < 1) via Eutectic Solutions for Direct Regeneration of Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathodes

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tunable Olive‐Like Ni_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1CO₃ and its Transformation to LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ Cathode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries