Urea Degradation in the Camel

Emmanuel, B.; Howard, B.R.; Emady, M

doi:10.4141/cjas76-072

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Similar approaches were previously achieved with camels fed 9.50, 12.00 and 14.50% dietary protein levels (Nagpal et al 2011). This particular phenomenon could be regarded to the active urea recycling mechanism promoted in camels when they were exposed to dietary protein shortage (Emmanuel et al 1976). Blood cholesterol and triglycerides were remarkably lower in camels than calves.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…It was also noted that camels could tolerate dietary protein shortage by conserving N loss in feces and urine besides promoting urea recycling capability to provide ruminal microbes with their N demands (Gihad and El-Bedawy 1992). It was also noted that when protein was decreased from 13.6 to 6.1% in dromedary rations, the fraction of urea entry rate that was degraded rather than excreted in urine increased from 47 to 86% (Emmanuel et al 1976). Under the administration of feeding the 100% R ration total DM intake was significantly lower for camels than calves as per 100 kg body weight (2.08 vs. 2.30 kg) or as g DM/kgw 0.75 (85 vs. 93.4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of camels and cow calves to 100% and 50% roughage rations fed consequently

El-Badawi

Hassan²,

Abedo

et al. 2021

Bull Natl Res Cent

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Background Dromedary camels could be a successful and economic meat provider in poor greenery lands where feeds and water are scarcely available. Moreover, camels need lower amounts of protein in their rations than other ruminants, since they have an exceptional ability to recycle urea as a source of nitrogen when dietary protein is unavailable. The present preliminary study aimed to detect influence of feeding all roughage ration on growth performance of growing camels in comparison with cow calves and their response to the abrupt change into 50% roughage ration fed in the fed-lot condition. Results The results illustrated that with feeding 100% R ration camels could utilize available nutrients better than calves, and although the maintenance level of CP was not met for both species, camels exert higher resistance in losing weight than calves (− 93.7 vs. − 160.7 g/d). Shifting camels and calves on 50% R ration showed nearly similar nutritive values and comparable daily weight gain (942.75 g for camels and 968.50 g for calves). Feed conversion efficiency as Mcal ME and g DCP/kg gain was, respectively, 18.39 and 527 for camels and 18.42 and 555 for calves. Blood serum biochemical constituents were improved with 50% R than 100% R ration particularly for calves. Blood protein of camels was not influenced by changing ration. Urea concentration was higher in camel’s blood than calves with either 100% or 50% R rations. Camels clearly had lower contents of cholesterol and triglycerides than calves under the two feeding regimes. Conclusion The results revealed that growing camels could utilize the 100% R ration of very low protein content more efficiently than cow calves and had similar growth rate as that of calves with the 50% R ration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of camels and cow calves to 100% and 50% roughage rations fed consequently

El-Badawi

Hassan²,

Abedo

et al. 2021

Bull Natl Res Cent

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“…Ovis aries (30) Thomson's gazelle Gazella thomsofli (20) Chinese water deer Hydropotes inermis (12) Steinbok Raphicerus campestris (10) …”

Section: Maasai Sheepmentioning

confidence: 99%

The digestive physiology of wild ruminants

Kay¹,

Engelhardt²,

White³

1980

Digestive Physiology and Metabolism in Ruminants

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“…Similar results are obtained by Rai, 1994 and1995;Farghaly et al, 2003;and El-Gendy et al 2008. On the other hand, there was a slight improvement in nitrogen balance (as % of nitrogen intake) with camels fed R2 and R3 compared with those fed R1, being 36.47 and 37.36 vs. 35.38%, respectively. This improvement may be due to the high ability of camel for urea recycling which give it the advantage to utilize the marginal or poor quality feeds more efficient than the good quality feeds (Emmanuel et al, 1976).…”

Section: Digestibility Nutritive Value and Nitrogen Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Productive Performance of Fattening Sudanese Camel Calves Under Different Feeding Regimes

Farghaly

2009

Journal of Animal and Poultry Production

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In a fattening experiment lasted 120 day ,fifteen Sudanese camel calves (Camelus dromedaries) averaged 245 Kg live body weight (LBW) and aged 2-3 years were randomly divided into three similar groups to study the effect of some different feeding regimes on their productive performance. Animals were fed individually on concentrate feed mixture (CFM) at 2, 1.5 and 1% of LBW for groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Treated rice straw (TRS) with urea (5%) and molasses (10%) was offered ad lib. for all animals to decrease the feeding cost. Feed intake and live body weight were recorded weekly then daily weight gain and feed to gain ratio were calculated. At the end of the experimental period, three animals from each group were used in digestion trail to evaluate nutrients digestibility, nutritive value and nitrogen balance. The obtained results could be summarized as follows: 1) There were significant decrease in nutrients digestibility and nutritive value (as TDN and DCP) and slight improvement in nitrogen balance was observed for camels fed R2 and R3 compared with R1. 2) There were significant decrease in both concentrate feed mixture (CFM) and total dry matter intake (TDMI) was noticed for camels fed R2 and R3 compared with R1, while, roughage intake (treated rice straw) was increased significantly in R2 and R3. On the other hand, roughage: concentrate ratios were 25:75, 33:67 and 49:51 for R1, R2 and R3, respectively. 3) There were insignificant differences in both daily gain and feed conversion (kg DMI/ kg gain) among the three tested groups, being 668, 635 and 577 g for daily gain and 9.13, 9.18 and 9.10 for feed conversion, respectively. 4) There was a decrease in feed cost, LE/ kg gain and an increase in economical efficiency were recorded for camels fed R2 and R3 compared with R1. Conclusively, fattening Sudanese camel calves could be fed on concentrate feed mixture at 1% of live body weight plus treated rice straw with urea (5%) and molasses (10%) ad lib. with an improvement on productive performance and economical efficiency.

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Urea Degradation in the Camel

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Response of camels and cow calves to 100% and 50% roughage rations fed consequently

Response of camels and cow calves to 100% and 50% roughage rations fed consequently

The digestive physiology of wild ruminants

Productive Performance of Fattening Sudanese Camel Calves Under Different Feeding Regimes

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