Urea‐Form—A Nitrogenous Fertilizer of Controlled Availability: Experiments with Turf Grasses<sup>1</sup>

Armiger, W. H.; Forbes, Ian; Wagner, R. E.; Lundstrom, F. O.

doi:10.2134/agronj1948.00021962004000040007x

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Nitroform (38-0-0; NOR-AM Chemical Co., Wilmington, DE), the first ureaform fertilizer developed for turfgrass, contains 27% WIN. The response characteristics of Nitroform have been reported previously (1,4,6,11,13,14,15,17,18), but little information has been published regarding turf response to Formolene and FLUF.…”

Section: Addirional Index Wordsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Evaluation of Liquid‐Applied Nitrogen Fertilizers on Kentucky Bluegrass Turf¹

Spangenberg¹,

Fermanian²,

Wehner

1986

Agronomy Journal

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Solution and suspension N sources have been developed as substitutes for urea in spray solutions used by lawn‐care professionals. A field study was conducted to evaluate the response of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) growing on a Catlin silt loam (Typic Argiudoll), to applications of the new solution and suspension N sources, alone or combined with urea, by comparison to turf response from application of the traditional fertilizer materials ammonium nitrate (AN), Nitroform (ureaform), sulfur‐coated urea (SCU), ammonium sulfate (AS), granular urea, spray‐applied urea (US), and urea‐ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution. Also, urea and AS treated with dicyandiamide (DCD) were compared to the untreated sources. Fertilization rate was 195 kg N ha−1 yr−1 split into four applications except SCU which was applied twice. Turfgrass color and clipping production were monitored along with thatch accumulation and soil pH. In a second field experiment, foliar burn potentials of the new N sources were evaluated by comparison to burn potentials from US, UAN, and a liquid 12‐1.8‐3.3 fertilizer. Turf response to Formolene (solution N source) paralleled that due to US. Turf treated with US received higher color ratings than did that treated with Nitroform or FLUF (suspension N source) during the early growing season but this trend was reversed by late summer. Turf fertilized with FLUF resembled turf fertilized with Nitroform but was inferior to turf fertilized with SCU. There was no benefit from the inclusion of DCD with either AS or urea. Soil pH after 2 yr ranged from 5.3 to 6.4 and was lowest with AS treatment; thatch depth ranged from 7.0 to 19.3 mm and was greatest with AS treatment. Formolene and FLUF caused less foliar injury than did US, UAN, or the 12‐1.8‐3.3 fertilizer. Results from the two experiments indicated that the major advantage of using Formolene or FLUF was the reduced potential for foliar fertilizer burn.

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Section: Addirional Index Wordsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Evaluation of Liquid‐Applied Nitrogen Fertilizers on Kentucky Bluegrass Turf¹

Spangenberg¹,

Fermanian²,

Wehner

1986

Agronomy Journal

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“…The conclusions -drawn are: (1) the greatest summer growth of turf is to be expected when spring fertilization is followed by smaller but regular summer nutrientapplications; {2) without supplemental summer fertilization the greatest summer turf-growth is to be expected from a fertilizer that contains a quantity of gradually available nitrogen in addition to a smaller amount that is quickly available. This type of fertilizer is particularly desirable when lawn clippings are removed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discovery that certain urea-formaldehyde products would release their nitrogen slowly in the soil ( 3) suggested a solution to the problem. Additional research demonstrated the potential value to plants of such products with a slowly available nitrogen source (1,2). However, the problem remained of incorporating these materials in a mixed fertilizer so that the release of nitrogen would take place evenly over a period of several months.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Nitrogen Sources in Complete Fertilizers on Bluegrass Turf¹

Gilbert¹,

Bowers²,

Sanders

1958

Agronomy Journal

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Synopsis A single spring application of fertilizer containing both quickly and slowly available nitrogen produced a greater summer weight of grass than either regular fertilizer or sewage sludge with equivalent nitrogen contents. The advantage was more pronounced when clippings were removed than when they were retained. Summer grass yields were greatest when a spring fertilizer‐application was supplemented by additional summer treatments.

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“…In spite of the interest given to the use of urea-formaldehyde, very little work has been done on a field basis where this nitrogen carrier has been compared with the ordinary nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate. Some of the first studies with urea-formaldehydes indicated that release of nitrogen from these products was slow in the early part of the season when growth of grass is quite vigorous and soil temperatures are low ( 1). It was suggested that ureaformaldehyde be supplemented with some readily available nitrogen for direct applications to turf in order to provide for adequate growth during the first few weeks of the growing season.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The objectives of the investigation reported here were (1) to compare urea-formaldehyde, urea, (NH 4 ) 2 S0 4 , and NH 4 N0 3 as nitrogen sources for bluegrass forage as measured by yield and nitrogen content of the forage and (2) to determine the seasonal availability of nitrogen from single and split applications of these four nitrogen sources. A third objective stemmed from claims concerning the beneficial residual effect of urea-formaldehyde in years subsequent to that of application.…”

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confidence: 99%