2006
DOI: 10.1007/s00232-006-0867-7
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Urea Transport in Bacteria: Acid Acclimation by Gastric Helicobacter spp

Abstract: Urea transporters in bacteria are relatively rare. There are three classes, the ABC transporters such as those expressed by cyanobacteria and Corynebacterium glutamicum, the Yut protein expressed by Yersinia spp and the UreI expressed by gastric Helicobacter spp. This review focuses largely on the UreI proton-gated channel that is part of the acid acclimation mechanism essential for gastric colonization by the latter. UreI is a six-transmembrane polytopic integral membrane protein, N and C termini periplasmic,… Show more

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Cited by 57 publications
(58 citation statements)
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“…are able to colonize the acidic mammalian stomach, although they are neutralophiles. This phenotype is mainly dependent on urease activity and urea influx through the UreI proton-gated channel (31). The products of urease activity in the cytoplasm are 2NH 3 plus CO 2 , which diffuse very rapidly across the inner membrane into the periplasmic space.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…are able to colonize the acidic mammalian stomach, although they are neutralophiles. This phenotype is mainly dependent on urease activity and urea influx through the UreI proton-gated channel (31). The products of urease activity in the cytoplasm are 2NH 3 plus CO 2 , which diffuse very rapidly across the inner membrane into the periplasmic space.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The activity of a urea transporter in the urease complex of this fish pathogen is interesting, because fish excrete nitrogenous waste as ammonia and because urea transporters are relatively rare in bacteria (23). The ammonia transporter, amtB, is ubiquitous among bacteria (13) and generally is transcriptionally linked to glnK, which encodes a signal transduction protein that regulates amtB activity, but neither is linked to a urease gene cluster or urease activity.…”
Section: Vol 75 2009mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The remarkable ability of H. pylori to both colonize and persist in the gastric milieu is attributed to several systems that monitor local pH, including a novel pH-gated urea transporter (UreI) that modulates a powerful urease system (4,5), a pH-sensing chemoreceptor (TlpB) that directs both colonization and avoidance of washout with mucus turnover (6), and a pH-sensing two-component regulatory system (ArsRS) that modulates expression of acid survival genes in sync with the daily cycling of stomach acid (7)(8)(9)(10). In contrast to acid stress, little is known regarding the response to oxidative stress, yet H. pylori promotes gastric inflammation and the recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages, all of which produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (11,12).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%