Urease activity does not reflect the degree of colonization by Helicobacter pylori in children

Machado, Rodrigo Strehl; Kawakami, Elisabete; Patrı́cio, Francy Reis da Silva; Reber, Marialice

doi:10.1111/j.1442-200x.2006.02228.x

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, some authors have shown a significant correlation of 13 C-UBT values with activity of gastritis [37,38,39,40] and pepsinogen I/II ratio [40]. However, other reports suggest that 13 C-UBT is not an appropriate tool for assessment of bacterial load [44,45,46,47]. Given the broad variety of protocols and varying sensitivity and specificity of the method, this discrepancy can be explained by the lack of comparability standards among the studies (table 4).…”

Section: C-urease Breath Test Results In Relation To H Pylori Densimentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Load and Degree of Gastric Mucosal Inflammation in Helicobacter pylori Infection

Varbanova

Malfertheiner²

2011

Dig Dis

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Helicobacter pylori induces an inflammatory immune response in the gastric mucosa. The degree of gastric mucosal inflammation and its topographic distribution are key factors in the diversity of H. pylori-related complications. Here we summarize substantial evidence reported in the literature concerning the impact of H. pylori density on gastric inflammation, the development of severe complications, and its relation to H. pylori suppression therapy. Most studies demonstrate a significant correlation between H. pylori density and the grade of acute and chronic inflammation, taking into account the limitations of each method for density assessment. Overall, high bacterial loads are associated with increased acute mucosal damage and long-term changes in the gastric mucosa. The influence of H. pylori density reduction on the improvement of gastric mucosal changes was observed in studies using ‘clearance’ therapies. Mucosal agents provoke a significant, but not persistent, reduction in gastritis activity. Treatments suppressing the density and virulence of H. pylori could become strategies to prevent H. pylori-associated disease in the future.

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Section: C-urease Breath Test Results In Relation To H Pylori Densimentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Load and Degree of Gastric Mucosal Inflammation in Helicobacter pylori Infection

Varbanova

Malfertheiner²

2011

Dig Dis

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“…No mammalian tissue is known to produce urease and is unable to metabolize urea 29 . Thus, in H. pylori negative persons, oropharyngeal urease is the only source of breath 14 CO 2 after ingestion of 14 C‐urea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No mammalian tissue is known to produce urease and is unable to metabolize urea. 29 Thus, in H. pylori negative persons, oropharyngeal urease is the only source of breath 14 CO2 after ingestion of 14 C-urea. Given the clinical importance of H. pylori, there is need for its prompt and accurate diagnosis followed by eradication therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of ¹⁴carbon dioxide excretion from ¹⁴C‐urea by oral commensal flora

Pathak

Avti

Bunger

et al. 2008

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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“…Moreover, Graham et al also observed 33% negative UBTs after 6.5 days of PPI treatment and acidification of the stomach with citric acid did not improve the results [ 87 ]. On the other hand, false-positives may be due to contamination with non- H. pylori urease-producing bacteria [ 88 , 89 ]. Sano et al demonstrated that urease activity was also present in the oropharynx, therefore gurgling to eliminate urease-positive bacteria in the oropharynx and oral cavity is recommended [ 90 ].…”

Section: Indirect Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Methods ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection for Epidemiological Studies: Critical Importance of Indirect Test Validation

Miftahussurur

Yamaoka

2016

BioMed Research International

128

135

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Among the methods developed to detect H. pylori infection, determining the gold standard remains debatable, especially for epidemiological studies. Due to the decreasing sensitivity of direct diagnostic tests (histopathology and/or immunohistochemistry [IHC], rapid urease test [RUT], and culture), several indirect tests, including antibody-based tests (serology and urine test), urea breath test (UBT), and stool antigen test (SAT) have been developed to diagnose H. pylori infection. Among the indirect tests, UBT and SAT became the best methods to determine active infection. While antibody-based tests, especially serology, are widely available and relatively sensitive, their specificity is low. Guidelines indicated that no single test can be considered as the gold standard for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection and that one should consider the method's advantages and disadvantages. Based on four epidemiological studies, culture and RUT present a sensitivity of 74.2–90.8% and 83.3–86.9% and a specificity of 97.7–98.8% and 95.1–97.2%, respectively, when using IHC as a gold standard. The sensitivity of serology is quite high, but that of the urine test was lower compared with that of the other methods. Thus, indirect test validation is important although some commercial kits propose universal cut-off values.

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Urease activity does not reflect the degree of colonization by Helicobacter pylori in children

Abstract: The 13C-UBT does not estimate the severity of histological findings in children with Helicobacter pylori infection. The results of the breath test should be interpreted in a qualitative way.

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Bacterial Load and Degree of Gastric Mucosal Inflammation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection

Bacterial Load and Degree of Gastric Mucosal Inflammation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection

Kinetics of ¹⁴carbon dioxide excretion from ¹⁴C‐urea by oral commensal flora

Diagnostic Methods ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection for Epidemiological Studies: Critical Importance of Indirect Test Validation

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Urease activity does not reflect the degree of colonization by Helicobacter pylori in children

Abstract: The 13C-UBT does not estimate the severity of histological findings in children with Helicobacter pylori infection. The results of the breath test should be interpreted in a qualitative way.

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Bacterial Load and Degree of Gastric Mucosal Inflammation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection

Bacterial Load and Degree of Gastric Mucosal Inflammation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection

Kinetics of 14carbon dioxide excretion from 14C‐urea by oral commensal flora

Diagnostic Methods ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection for Epidemiological Studies: Critical Importance of Indirect Test Validation

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Kinetics of ¹⁴carbon dioxide excretion from ¹⁴C‐urea by oral commensal flora