Urease activity in dental plaque and saliva of children during a three-year study period and its relationship with other caries risk factors

Morou-Bermúdez, Evangelia; Elías-Boneta, Augusto R; Billings, Ronald J.; Burne, Robert A.; Garcia-Rivas, V.; Brignoni-Nazario, V.; Suárez-Pérez, Erick L.

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.04.015

Cited by 32 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Higher ureolytic activity in plaque compared with saliva was also observed in a longitudinal study with children (Morou-Bermudez et al, 2011). In fact, the oral microbiota of saliva has been shown to be different from that of plaque in children independent of the presence or absence of caries (Ling et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Oral Arginine Metabolism May Decrease the Risk for Dental Caries in Children

Nascimento¹,

Liu²,

Kalra³

et al. 2013

J Dent Res

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Arginine metabolism by oral bacteria via the arginine deiminase system (ADS) increases the local pH, which can neutralize the effects of acidification from sugar metabolism and reduce the cariogenicity of oral biofilms. To explore the relationship between oral arginine metabolism and dental caries experience in children, we measured ADS activity in oral samples from 100 children and correlated it with their caries status and type of dentition. Supragingival dental plaque was collected from tooth surfaces that were caries-lesionfree (PF) and from dentinal (PD) and enamel (PE) caries lesions. Regardless of children's caries status or type of dentition, PF (378.6) had significantly higher ADS activity compared with PD (208.4; p < .001) and PE (194.8; p = .005). There was no significant difference in the salivary arginolytic activity among children with different caries status. Mixed-model analysis showed that plaque caries status is significantly associated with ADS activity despite children's age, caries status, and dentition (p < .001), with healthy plaque predicting higher ADS activity compared with diseased plaque. Plaque arginine metabolism varies greatly among children and tooth sites, which may affect their susceptibility to caries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Oral Arginine Metabolism May Decrease the Risk for Dental Caries in Children

Nascimento¹,

Liu²,

Kalra³

et al. 2013

J Dent Res

Self Cite

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“…Pasteurellaceae family) positively impacts the oral acid-base homeostasis to inhibit aciduric and caries-associated taxa (e.g. Leptotrichia and S. mutans ) in plaque under low sugar consumption[88]. However, the opposite scenario characterizes saliva, in which increased urease activity is associated with high caries incidence and levels of S. mutans [89] .…”

Section: The Oral Microenvironment and Biomarkers Of Oral Disease mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Oral Microbiome of Children: Development, Disease, and Implications Beyond Oral Health

2016

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In the era of applied meta-omics and personalized medicine, the oral microbiome is a valuable asset. From biomarker discovery to being a powerful source of therapeutic targets, and to presenting an opportunity for developing non-invasive approaches to health care, it has become clear that oral microbes may hold the answer for understanding disease, even beyond the oral cavity. Although our understanding of oral microbiome diversity has come a long way in the past 50 years, there are still many areas that need to be fine-tuned for better risk assessment and diagnosis, especially in early developmental stages of human life. Here, we discuss the factors that impact development of the oral microbiome, and explore oral markers of disease, with a focus on the early oral cavity. Our ultimate goal is to put different experimental and methodological views into perspective for better assessment of early oral and systemic disease at an early age, and discuss how oral microbiomes- at the community level, could provide improved assessment in individuals, and populations at risk.

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“…The two primary sources of alkali generation in dental plaque and saliva are through the hydrolysis of urea by urease enzymes and the metabolism of arginine by the arginine deiminase system (ADS) 9,23,24,32 . It has been described that in caries-resistant subjects a more alkaline biofilm is encountered 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caries-free subjects have high levels of urease and arginine deiminase activity

et al. 2014

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ObjectivesThis study investigated the relationship between urease and arginine deiminase system (ADS) activities and dental caries through a cross-sectional study.Material and MethodsUrease and ADS activities were measured in saliva and plaque samples from 10 caries-free subjects and 13 caries-active. Urease activity was obtained from the ammonia produced by incubation of plaque and saliva samples in urea. ADS activity was obtained from the ammonia generated by the arginine-HCl and Tris-maleate buffer. Specific activity was defined as micromoles of ammonia per minute per milligram of protein. Shapiro-Wilk statistical test was used to analyze the distribution of the data, and Mann-Whitney test was used to determine the significance of the data.ResultsThe specific urease activity in saliva and plaque was significantly higher in individuals with low DMFT scores. ADS activity in saliva (6.050 vs 1.350, p=0.0154) and plaque (8.830 vs 1.210, p=0.025) was also higher in individuals with low DMFT scores.ConclusionsCaries-free subjects had a higher ammonia generation activity by urease and arginine deiminase system for both saliva and plaque samples than low caries-active subjects. High levels of alkali production in oral environment were related to caries-free subjects.

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Urease activity in dental plaque and saliva of children during a three-year study period and its relationship with other caries risk factors

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Oral Arginine Metabolism May Decrease the Risk for Dental Caries in Children

Oral Arginine Metabolism May Decrease the Risk for Dental Caries in Children

The Oral Microbiome of Children: Development, Disease, and Implications Beyond Oral Health

Caries-free subjects have high levels of urease and arginine deiminase activity

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