Ureases I. Functional, catalytic and kinetic properties: A review

Krajewska, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.molcatb.2009.01.003

Cited by 677 publications

(488 citation statements)

References 233 publications

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“…The supports can be either synthetic materials (mainly silicas) [11,12] or natural ones such as chitin and chitosan [13][14][15]. They are also characterized by high stability, well-developed surface area, and the possibility of surface functionalization with many modifying compounds [16,17]. Due to the unique properties of such materials, especially highly ordered mesoporous structures, they are widely used in the enzyme immobilization [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization of Amano Lipase A onto Stöber silica surface: process characterization and kinetic studies

Zdarta

Sałek

Kołodziejczak-Radzimska

et al. 2014

Open Chemistry

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The immobilization of Amano Lipase A fromAspergillus niger by adsorption onto Stöber silica matrix obtained by sol-gel method was studied. The effectiveness of the enzyme immobilization and thus the usefulness of the method was demonstrated by a number of physicochemical analysis techniques including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis (EA), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), porous structure of the support and the products after immobilization from the enzyme solution with various concentration at different times. The analysis of the process' kinetics allowed the determination of the sorption parameters of the support and optimization of the process. The optimum initial concentration of the enzyme solution was found to be 5 mg mL -1 , while the optimum time of the immobilization was 120 minutes. These values of the variable parameters of the process were obtained by as ensuring the immobilization of the largest possible amount of the biocatalyst at the most economically beneficial aspects of the process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization of Amano Lipase A onto Stöber silica surface: process characterization and kinetic studies

Zdarta

Sałek

Kołodziejczak-Radzimska

et al. 2014

Open Chemistry

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“…Among the inhibitors of urease currently researched, N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) stands out as one of the most promising (Krajewska, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urease inhibitor (NBPT) and efficiency of single or split application of urea in wheat crop

et al. 2014

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RESUMOInibidor de urease (NBPT) e a eficiência da ureia aplicada em dose única ou parcelada na cultura do trigo O NBPT (N-(n-butil) tiofosfórico triamida) é uma substância inibidora da urease, que se vem apresentando como das mais promissoras para a maximização do uso do nitrogênio da ureia em sistemas agrícolas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho produtivo do trigo irrigado, submetido à fertilização com ureia ou ureia+NBPT aplicadas em dose única ou parcelada. O experimento foi conduzido, de junho a outubro de 2006, em Viçosa-MG, Brasil. Seguiu-se o esquema fatorial 2×2, em que a ureia ou ureia+NBPT foram combinadas com duas formas de aplicação: dose total na semeadura (60kg ha -1 ) ou parcelada (20kg ha -1 na semeadura + 40kg ha -1 , em cobertura, no perfilhamento). O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso com dez repetições. Conclui-se que o parcelamento da fertilização nitrogenada não promove incremento de produtividade do trigo, sob as condições de cultivo empregadas; o uso de inibidor de urease aumenta a produtividade da cultura do trigo, quando a ureia é aplicada, em cobertura, durante o perfilhamento, mas, seu uso não promove aumento da produtividade quando a ureia é aplicada no sulco, durante a semeadura. Palavras-chave:Triticum aestivum L., nitrogênio, volatilização de amônia. Received: 20/09/2012; Approved:20/02/2014 Urease inhibitor (NBPT) and efficiency of single or split application of urea in wheat crop 1 NBPT (N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide), a urease inhibitor, has been reported as one of the most promising compounds to maximize urea nitrogen use in agricultural systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of irrigated wheat fertilized with urea or urea + NBPT as single or split application. The experiment was conducted from June to October 2006 in Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The experimental design followed a 2×2 factorial scheme, in which urea or urea + NBPT were combined with two modes of application: full dose at sowing (60kg ha -1 ) or split (20kg ha -1 at sowing + 40kg ha -1 as topdressing at tillering), in randomized blocks with ten replications. The split application of nitrogen fertilization does not improve the yield wheat under used conditions. The use of urease inhibitor improves the grain yield of wheat crop when urea is applied in topdressing at tillering, but its use does not promote difference when urea is applied in the furrow at planting.

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“…To counteract acidification, this process should be operated at a pH of 8.0-8.2 Fig. 1 Schematic structure of the active center of native urease (Adapted with permission from [12]. Copyright (2009) Elsevier) [1].…”

Section: Removal Of Urea By Biological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first ureolytic enzyme was discovered in urine in 1874 by Musculus, but it was not until 1890 that the name urease was proposed. Ureases catalyze the hydrolytic decomposition of urea, and it can be used either in the free or immobilized form [12]. The activity of ureases is dictated by the structure of their binuclear nickel active center, where Ni(1) and Ni(2) atoms may have different coordination numbers (Fig.…”

Section: Enzymatic Decomposition Of Ureamentioning

confidence: 99%

Urea removal from aqueous solutions—a review

2016

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The abundance of urea in the natural environment is dictated by the fact that it is one of the major products of mammalian protein metabolism. Due to the extensive use of urea in many branches of industry, it is produced in large quantities. Urea enters into the environment not only with wastewater from the production plants but also by leaching from the fields, agro-breeding farms, and the effluents from the plants using it as a raw material. There are many methods of urea removal, but most of them are still being developed or are very new. The methods themselves differ in terms of physicochemical nature and technological ingenuity. Many wastewater treatment methods include processes such as hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, decomposition in the biological bed, decomposition by strong oxidants, adsorption, catalytic decomposition, and electrochemical oxidation. In this work, methods of urea removal from aqueous solutions have been reviewed. Particular attention was paid to electrochemical methods.

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Ureases I. Functional, catalytic and kinetic properties: A review

Cited by 677 publications

References 233 publications

Immobilization of Amano Lipase A onto Stöber silica surface: process characterization and kinetic studies

Immobilization of Amano Lipase A onto Stöber silica surface: process characterization and kinetic studies

Urease inhibitor (NBPT) and efficiency of single or split application of urea in wheat crop

Urea removal from aqueous solutions—a review

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