Ureteroscopy for Urinary Calculi with or Without Ureteral Stents

Abstract

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Rising prevalence of renal calculi

“…The visibility of arterial and venous circulation of the kidney via the dual imaging modalities resulted in a lower mean postoperative hemoglobin decrease (0.93 versus 1.39 g/dL, respectively; P = .04). The RVS group experienced no postoperative complications compared with patients in the US group 33…”

“…32 The stent by-passes calculi to allow for the passage of urine. 33 Patients report variable discomfort while a stent is present.…”

“…The stent consists of a flexible polyurethane or silicone catheter that coils in a circle on each end—one “J” curl lies in the renal pelvis; the other lies in the bladder with the length of the ureter catheterized in between 32. The stent by-passes calculi to allow for the passage of urine 33. Patients report variable discomfort while a stent is present.…”

Effects of integrated nursing and psychological intervention on pain relief and patient satisfaction in urinary calculi patients

“…(5) Emotional support activities included offering comfort, encouragement, and understanding to help patients feel secure, thereby enhancing their inner strength and motivation to tackle treatment and life challenges. (6) Positive emotion cultivation involved encouraging the development of positive emotional states, guiding patients to adopt a positive outlook, and fostering their self-confidence and hope, improving their disease coping abilities and overall quality of life.…”

“…However, integrated nursing and psychological intervention remains underutilized in urinary calculi treatment, with limited research on its effects on pain management and nursing satisfaction [5,6].…”