Urethane‐forming reaction kinetics and catalysis of model palm olein polyols: Quantified impact of primary and secondary hydroxyls

Abstract

Model palm olein natural oil polyols (NOPs) with varying ratios of primary to secondary hydroxyls were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated in reaction kinetics study with isocyanate in formation of polyurethanes. Reaction rate constants and activation energies associated with primary and secondary hydroxyls of NOPs were quantified. The kinetic study in toluene shows that the NOP containing primary hydroxyls have three times higher reaction rate constants in noncatalyzed reaction with 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate (4,4′‐MDI) compared to the model NOP containing only secondary hydroxyls, which is associated with higher activation energy of secondary hydroxyls. However, the difference in reaction rate constants of primary and secondary hydroxyls in NOPs diminished in the reactions catalyzed with dibutyltin dilaurate. Bulk polymerization reaction confirms the kinetics results in toluene, showing that the model NOP containing primary hydroxyls reached gel time at a faster rate. Evaluation of elastomers from bulk polymerization shows low degree of phase separation of hard and soft segments for elastomers based on the model NOPs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 42955.

Impact of the hard‐segment concentration on highly resilient polyurethane foams based on palm olein polyol

“…In this study, we examined the impact of replacing the polyether polyols with different levels of NOP on the properties of the model HR polyurethane foams. A well‐characterized E‐135 NOP produced from palm olein, with a mixture of primary and secondary hydroxyls, was used in this study. However, the hydroxyl groups tended to be located as a pendant on the aliphatic backbone of the polyol compared to polyether polyols, where the reactive hydroxyls are always terminal (Figure ) .…”

“…Overall, the glass‐transition temperatures remained at −60 °C with melt transitions present at about 59 °C. E‐135 NOP had a melt transition temperature at 15 °C . The fact that E‐135 NOP's melt transition did not show up in the polyurethane foam was an indication that E‐135 NOP was well incorporated into the polyurethane matrix.…”

Molecular Weight Determination of Palm Olein Polyols by Gel Permeation Chromatography Using Polyether Polyols Calibration

“…For H-0, the ring opening was carried out using water as nucleophile in the presence of 50 % sulphuric acid as a catalyst [12]. For M-60, the ring opening was conducted by methanolysis [13]. H-0 and M-60 were prepared at laboratory scale.…”

“…E-135 was prepared using a pilot plant with 500-800 kg production capacity per batch based on procedure described in laboratory synthesis that was previously established [3]. Reported properties of RBDPOo, EPOo, H-0, M-60 and E-135 are tabulated in Table 2 [13].…”

Estudo da aplicação de vermiculita como carga ativa em verniz uretânico.

“…Figura 1 -Representação esquemática da reação entre os grupos -N=C=O e -OH (ISMAIL et al, 2016) Figura -Variação dos valores de ∆L*, ∆a* e ∆b* em relação à quantidade de vermiculita processada para placas pintadas com tinta prataleituras efetuadas no ângulo de 45° de reflexão da luz. 8h e 12h: tempos de moagem da vermiculita processada, correspondendo respectivamente a tamanhos médios de partícula de 195,5 Figura -Variação dos valores de ∆L*, ∆a* e ∆b* em relação à quantidade de vermiculita processada para placas pintadas com tinta prataleituras efetuadas no ângulo de 75° de reflexão da luz.…”