Urethane prepolymers as durable press finishes

Tomasino, Charles; Wilson, Thomas W.; Goynes, Wilton R.

doi:10.1021/i300005a002

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Researchers have used polymers not only as pretreatments to resin application on fabric, but also in simultaneous finislring with nonformaldehyde crosslinking agents [ 19,21 ]. The objectives were to improve fabric properties and reduce resin concentration for lower formaldehyde release while maintaining good DP ratings.…”

Section: Durable Press Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Fabrics Woven with Durable Polymeric Sizing Agents

Moreau

1986

Textile Research Journal

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From a laboratory evaluation of yarns treated with various polymers, two polyacrylates and a polyurethane offered the potential for further evaluation in full scale slashing and weaving trials. These aqueous polymeric emulsions were applied at room temperature in various combinations to cotton warp yarns (19.7 mg/m). The warps were woven into a 163 g/m 2 poplin fabric. Weaving evaluation demonstrated that some formulations presented problems with yarn clinging and polymer deposits, but one formulation produced a weaving performance equivalent to that of a warp slashed with a conventional starch formulation. The polymers were still present on warp yarns after pilot plant scouring and bleaching of fabrics. Durability was determined by fabric properties and confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. Data are presented on the physical properties of bleached fabrics and the effect of laboratory dyeing, mercerization, and durable-press treatment of experimental fabrics compared to a control fabric. Polymers, used as permanent sizing agents, offer opportunities for energy savings, less water pollution, and improved fabric properties after finishing.Polymeric sizing agents have been investigated in the past at SRRC; the primary object was durable-press (DP) fabrics with improved properties [3,6,8,9]. A crosslinking resin was used in the sizing bath with the polymer. When the polymer was used alone, the resin was subsequently applied to the fabric as a DP finish. These treatments, applied to course and medium yarns (65.6 mg/m, 49.2 mg/m, 32.8 mg/m), had an additional benefit in that they functioned as permanent sizing treatments, but conventional sizing agents such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were added to the formulation for good weavability.The problem remains to investigate finer yarn counts and the best polymers capable of satisfying all the demands of functionality, i. e., efficiency in slashing and weaving, durability, acceptable hand, dye uniformity, and improved fabric strength and abrasion resistance. The availability and variability of new polymers have created a renewed interest in the subject of durable sizing. More recent studies included an evaluation of various classes of polymers as potential sizing agents [ 12,14]. Research narrowed the investigation to a group of polyurethanes and polyacrylates, which differed in polymer backbone, ionic characteristic, and glass transition temperature [ 11 ]. Objectives centered on energy conservation that could be achieved by elimination of elevated temperatures in size preparation, application at room temperature during slashing, and omission of an enzyme desizing step in fabric preparation. An additional benefit of a durable size is reduced water pollution. Approximately 60 to 80% [5,17] of the total pollutant load in textile effluent is attributed to sizing agents. The effect of warp size formulations, including polymeric sizing agents, on the total oxygen demand (TOD) of waste water has been reported [3]. If the size load could be reduced by ...

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Section: Durable Press Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Fabrics Woven with Durable Polymeric Sizing Agents

Moreau

1986

Textile Research Journal

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“…Consequently, various di-or polyfunctional crosslinking agents that do not emit formaldehyde were tested as a potential substitute for DMDHEU. Dialdehydes (Choi et al 1999;Frick and Harper 1984;Vail and Arney 1971), isocyanates (Hobart and Mack 1969;Tomasino et al 1982;Yeqiu et al 2005), epoxides (Muresan et al 2013;Reinhardt et al 1961;Steele 1961), divinylsulphones (Rowland and Brannan 1970;Tesoro et al 1961), and polycarboxylic acids (Schramm and Rinderer 2006;Welch 1994;Welch and Andrews 1989;Yang and Wang 1998) were thoroughly investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formaldehyde-free, crease-resistant functionalization of cellulosic material modified by a hydrolyzed dicarboxylic acid based alkoxysilane/melamine finishing system

Schramm

Amann

2019

Cellulose

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Cotton fabrics show the tendency to wrinkle. Various chemical agents have been used to convey crease-resistance to cellulosic material in an attempt to replace the formaldehyde-releasing crosslinking agent DMDHEU. A novel non-formaldehyde organic-inorganic hybrid material synthesized via the sol-gel route is investigated. The hydrolyzed trialkoxysilane (3-triethoxysilylpropyl)succinic anhydride was reacted with 2,4,6-triamine-1,3,5-triazine (melamine, MEL) at elevated temperature. The asprepared aqueous solutions were applied to cotton fabrics, which were cured at 160°C and 220°C. The physicomechanical data: dry crease recovery angle (DCRA), flexural rigidity, whiteness index (WI), water retention, water vapor permeability were evaluated. An increase in the DCRA can be observed. However, the thermal treatment results in a reduction of the WI. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra confirm the formation of an imide group. X-ray powder diffraction analysis makes evident that the crystallinity index increased. SEM images make evident that depositions can be observed on the surface.

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