Urethro-ejaculatory Duct Reflux in Children: An Updated Review

Abstract

UER is more common then originally thought. All boys who present with uro-genital symptoms should have a MCUG as part of the investigative work-up and be scrutinized for UER. Management should aim at correcting any underlying anomaly and providing prolonged antibiotics, but vasectomy and the injection of a bulking agent should be considered. The indications for these newer forms of treatment are not clearly defined.

Spermaturia after Radical Prostatectomy: Is Surgical Preservation of Fertility Possible?

“…Thus there might be a theoretical increase in the risk of epididymo-orchitis in these patients since urine may more freely reflux into the vas, analogously to the phenomenon of urethroejaculatory duct reflux described in some children with epididymo-orchitis [7, 8]. The risk would most likely be lower in a patient that returns to normal voiding habits as this patient did, without stasis as a risk factor for urinary tract infection.…”

Urethro-Ejaculatory Duct Reflux, a Complication of Peno-Bulbar Urethral Stricture: Case Report with Review of the Literature

“…Recurrent epididymitis and testicular pain after transurethral resection may indicate vas deferens reflux and in severe cases may need epididymectomy [5]. Nevertheless, other initiating factors must be involved in the pathogenesis of prostatitis or epididymitis as there have been several cases of asymptomatic urinary-vasal reflux [5,6].…”

“…Nevertheless, other initiating factors must be involved in the pathogenesis of prostatitis or epididymitis as there have been several cases of asymptomatic urinary-vasal reflux [5,6]. …”

“…In another retrospective study by Wiersma [5], 360 VCUGs were done in boys up to 13 years of age (admitted to different departments) and UEDR was demonstrated in 54 boys. 23 boys had some recognized cause of UEDR and some of these patients had no underlying pathology but presented with orchitis.…”

“…Some authors have the opinion that micturating cystourethrography should be a routine part of the investigative work-up for all boys who have urogenital symptoms to scrutinize them for UEDR. Patients presenting with UEDR should be managed by correcting any underlying anomaly and with long-term antibiotics, but vasectomy and the injection of a bulking agent [5] can also be considered.…”