Urinalysis, Critical Discipline of Clinical Science

Ah, Free; Hm, Free

doi:10.3109/10408367209151553

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…Prior to sorbinil administration and at monthly intervals during treatment, fresh, filtered 24-hour urine samples were analyzed for volume, pH, direct conjugated bilirubin using diazotized 2.4-dichloroaniline; urobilinogen using the Ehrlich test; urine nitrite using the 1.4% p-arsanilic acid and 1.3% 1,2,3.4-tetrahydrobenzo (h) quinolin-3-ol procedure; urine ketones (acetone and acetoacetic acid) using 7.1 % sodium nitroprusside [18,19], Additional 0.5-ml ali quots of the same samples were lyophilized and stored. Total protein analysis was performed on both fresh and lyophilized urine samples using the method ofPesce and Strande [35].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversal of Proteinuria by Sorbinil, an Aldose Reductase Inhibitor in Spontaneously Diabetic (BB) Rats

Beyer‐Mears

Murray²,

Val³

et al. 1988

Pharmacology

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Sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor, was examined as a therapeutic agent to arrest and/or reverse proteinuria in ‘type 1’ insulin-dependent BB rats having spontaneous diabetes mellitus. Prior to sorbinil treatment, diabetic rats exhibited hyperglycemia and increased urinary excretion of urobilinogen, glucose and protein. To assess proteinuria, 24-hour urine samples were analyzed for both total protein and individual components between 30,000 and 100,000 daltons. Daily oral administration of sorbinil (20 mg/kg body weight) was initiated and the aforementioned parameters reevaluated after 1, 2 and 4 months. Results indicated that after 1 month of sorbinil treatment, urobilinogen was normalized in all diabetic BB rats (n = 12), whereas urinary protein excretion was either diminished (67%) or remained constant (16 %), despite persistence of hyperglycemia and glycosuria. These therapeutic effects were sustained after 2 months of sorbinil treatment. After 4 months, protein excretion was normalized (6.56 ± 3.34 mg/24h), despite persistence of hyperglycemia and glycosuria (n = 12); in marked contrast, 6 untreated rats continued to exhibit proteinuria (17.76 ± 2.59 mg/day). Sorbinil diminished albumin and a series of urinary proteins between 30,000 and 100,000 daltons, suggesting that sorbinil may represent a therapeutic approach to manage diabetic nephropathy as indicated by diminution of proteinuria.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversal of Proteinuria by Sorbinil, an Aldose Reductase Inhibitor in Spontaneously Diabetic (BB) Rats

Beyer‐Mears

Murray²,

Val³

et al. 1988

Pharmacology

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“…Individuals who had a fasting plasma glucose level ! 110 mg/dl (6.1 mmol/L) and/or were positive for glucose by the urine stick test using an enzymatic method 12 (Bayer Diagnostics, Tokyo) were tested further with a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Plasma glucose levels before and 30, 60, and 120 min after a 75 g OGTT were measured by the glucose-oxidase method at an external laboratory (Health Science Research Institute, Yokohama).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between obesity in young adulthood and risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

et al. 1997

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the independent effect of obesity in young adulthood on the risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort design. SUBJECTS: One-thousand, one hundred and ®ve Japanese male railway employees aged 30 y or older who received a health examination from February to May 1995. MEASUREMENTS: Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for subsequent NIDDM determined by the WHO criteria or a physician's diagnosis, among men who were obese at ages 20, 25, or 30 y. RESULTS: Men who were obese (BMI ! 25.0 kg/m 2 ) at ages 25 or 30 y had signi®cantly positive ORs for NIDDM after adjustment for age and maximum BMI (8.20 and 3.94, respectively). Men in the top quintile of BMI at any age also had signi®cantly positive ORs for NIDDM (2.13, 7.92, and 3.49, at 20, 25, and 30 y, respectively). After mutual adjustment for BMI at age 20, 25 and 30 y, only obesity at age 25 y demonstrated a signi®cantly positive OR for NIDDM in both absolute and relative models (6.98 for BMI ! 25.0 and 9.99 for the top quintile, respectively). CONCLUSION: Men who were obese (BMI ! 25.0 kg/m 2 or top quintile) at age 25 y were at signi®cantly high risk of prevalent NIDDM in subsequent years, independent of age, maximum BMI, and BMIs at age 20 and 30 y.

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“…glucose, biliru bin. urobilinogen, nitrite, blood and ketones (acetone and acctoacctic acid) as previously described [6,17,18]. Additional 0.5-ml aliquots of the same samples were lyophilized and stored.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteinuria Associated with Hypertension and Diabetes mellitus

Beyer‐Mears

Val²,

Cruz³

et al. 1988

Pharmacology

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Proteinuria, a complication of both diabetes mellitus and hypertension, was compared in 2 genetically induced models: insulin-dependent diabetic BB rat (BB), and Okamoto-Aoki spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats (SHR). Both disease states were clearly distinguished from each other and their respective age-matched controls by analysis of 24-hour urine samples for glucose, urobilinogen, bilirubin and total protein. Then individual protein components between 15,000 and 120,000 daltons were separated by molecular weight and quantitated by laser densitometric analysis. The results indicated that insulin-dependent diabetic BB rats excreted urine having elevation of glucose (100–250 mg/dl), bilirubin (0.05 ± 0.03 mg/dl) and urobilinogen (6.6 ± 3.8 Ehrlich units/dl) in contrast to all age-matched SHR and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and nondiabetic controls, which excreted urine having normal urobilinogen and no detectable glucose or bilirubin. Both SHR and insulin-dependent BB rats exhibited proteinuria, urinary protein excretion being increased approximately 4–5 times that of their age-matched controls. BB rats excreted 18.80 ± 2.62 mg protein/day attributed to an increase in albumin and an entire array of proteins between 30,000 and 120,000 daltons not present in controls which primarily excreted proteins below 20,000 daltons. In the SHR, proteinuria did not include an array of proteins; the increase in excreted protein (39.20 ± 16 mg/day) was primarily attributed to albumin and another protein having a higher molecular weight. The SHR urinary proteins were similar to proteins excreted by streptozocin-induced, noninsulin-dependent diabetic rats treated with the aldose reductase inhibitor sorbinil. If hypertension is associated with diabetic nephropathy, our preclinical results suggest that coadministration of sorbinil with antihypertensive therapy may promote a positive synergistic effect further diminishing proteinuria.

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Urinalysis, Critical Discipline of Clinical Science

Cited by 37 publications

References 194 publications

Reversal of Proteinuria by Sorbinil, an Aldose Reductase Inhibitor in Spontaneously Diabetic (BB) Rats

Reversal of Proteinuria by Sorbinil, an Aldose Reductase Inhibitor in Spontaneously Diabetic (BB) Rats

Relation between obesity in young adulthood and risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Proteinuria Associated with Hypertension and Diabetes mellitus

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