Urinary Catecholamines in Behavioral Research on Stress

Baum, Andrew; Lundberg, Ulf; Grunberg, Neil E.; Singer, Jerome E.; Gatchel, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-409-95184-4.50008-4

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…It is common in stress research to use 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS), cortisol in particular, as indicators of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex axis activity (Baum et al, 1985; Grunberg & Singer, 1991; Lundberg, 1982). Urinary cortisol assays were performed with a GammaCoat cortisol radioimmunoassay kit (I125; Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neuroendocrine measures. Although stress research often uses cortisol, norepinephrine, and epinephrine as stress indicators (Grunberg & Singer, 1991;Lundberg, 1982;Baum, Lundberg, Grunberg, Singer, & Gatchel, 1985), studies on cortisol and catecholamine excretion under stress demonstrate three distinct patterns related to stress and effort mobilization. First, when a person is experiencing stress but perceives that he or she is coping well and not experiencing distress, a rise only in catecholamines occurs; epinephrine during mental effort and norepinephrine during physical effort are seen and cortisol is suppressed.…”

Section: Dependent Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Norepinephrine. The catecholamine norepinephrine is often used as a measure of stress (Baum et al, 1985). It is an adrenal medullary hormone and a sympathetic neurotransmitter.…”

Section: Dependent Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noise, physiology, and human performance: The potential role of effort.

Tafalla¹,

Evans²

1997

Journal of Occupational Health Psychology

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Thirty-three male college students ages 18-31 were assigned to 2 levels of noise exposure and worked at 2 levels of effort while calculating the Norinder arithmetic task (M. Frankenhaeuser & U. Lundberg, 1977). As hypothesized, noise increased heart rate, norepinephrine, and cortisol only under high effort. Blood pressure did not change significantly. Reaction time slowed significantly under noise only when effort was low. Both self-report and epinephrine level confirmed the effort manipulation and showed that it was orthogonal to noise levels. These data support the adaptive costs hypothesis and have practical implications for industry. These implications include trade-offs of productivity and worker health, which may be dependent on management style.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dependent Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noise, physiology, and human performance: The potential role of effort.

Tafalla¹,

Evans²

1997

Journal of Occupational Health Psychology

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“…Instead of measuring catecholamines in the blood, investigators are increasingly measuring cumulative levels of free epinephrine and norepinephrine in the urine, using 15-hr and 24-hr cumulative samples (Baum & Grunberg, 1997; Janicki-Deverts, Zilles, S. Cohen, & Baum, 2006). Urinary measures of epinephrine have been most closely linked to cumulative psychological stress and anticipation of threat (see Baum, Lundberg, Gruenberg, Singer, & Gatchell, 1985; Dimsdale & Moss, 1980). In contrast, urinary measures of norepinephrine do not appear to be as strongly coupled with stress, likely due to the confounding effects of norepinephrine’s sensitivity to changes in physical activity (Rogers et al, 1991), and the constant slow release of norepinephrine from sympathetic nerve fibers into circulation, among other factors (for reviews, see Steptoe, 1987; Weiner, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological vulnerability and stress: The effects of self-affirmation on sympathetic nervous system responses to naturalistic stressors.

et al. 2009

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Objective: Everyday stressors can threaten valued aspects of the self. Self-affirmation theory posits that this threat could be attenuated if individuals affirm alternative self-resources. The present study examined whether self-affirmation would buffer cumulative stress responses to an ongoing academic stressor. Design: Undergraduate participants provided 15-hr urine samples on the morning of their most stressful examination and baseline samples 14 days prior to the examination. Participants were randomly assigned to the self-affirmation condition where they wrote two essays on important values over the 2-week period prior to exam, or a control condition. Main Outcome Measures: Samples were analyzed for urinary catecholamine excretion (epinephrine, norepinephrine), an indicator of sympathetic nervous system activation. Participants also indicated their appraisals of the examination experience. Results: Participants in the control condition increased in cumulative epinephrine levels from baseline to examination, whereas participants in the self-affirmation condition did not differ from baseline to examination. The buffering effect of self-affirmation was strongest among individuals most concerned about negative college evaluation, those most psychologically vulnerable. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that sympathetic nervous system responses to naturalistic stressors can be attenuated by self-affirmation. Discussion centers on psychological pathways by which affirmation can reduce stress and the implications of the findings for health outcomes among chronically stressed participants.

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Catecholamine Measurement in Behavioral Research

Ziegler

1989

Handbook of Research Methods in Cardiovascular Behavioral Medicine

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Urinary Catecholamines in Behavioral Research on Stress

Cited by 6 publications

References 63 publications

Noise, physiology, and human performance: The potential role of effort.

Noise, physiology, and human performance: The potential role of effort.

Psychological vulnerability and stress: The effects of self-affirmation on sympathetic nervous system responses to naturalistic stressors.

Catecholamine Measurement in Behavioral Research

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