Urinary concentrations of parabens and their association with demographic factors: A population-based cross-sectional study

Kang, Hui-Seung; Kyung, Min-Sik; Ko, Ah-Ra; Park, Jaehong; Hwang, Myung-Sil; Kwon, Jieun; Suh, Jin-Hyang; Lee, Hee-Seok; Moon, Gui Im; Hong, Jin-Hwan; Hwang, In Gyun

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2015.12.032

Cited by 111 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…(44) Potentially harmful effects of parabens have also been confirmed by recent human studies. (43,45,46) Interestingly and relevant to the current findings, in vitro studies have suggested that parabens, especially butylparaben, may contribute to obesity, (34,36) a risk factor for GDM.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Urinary concentrations of parabens mixture and pregnancy glucose levels among women from a fertility clinic

Bellavia

Chiu

Brown

et al. 2019

Environmental Research

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Background: A number of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) have been associated with gestational diabetes (GDM) risk factors. However, no human study has investigated the association between pregnancy exposure to parabens, a class of EDCs, and pregnancy glucose levels, a risk factor for GDM. Furthermore, little is known about this association in subfertile women-a group at high risk of GDM. Methods: A total of 241 women from the Environment and Reproductive Health Study had data available on 1 st and/or 2 nd trimester urinary methylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben concentrations, and blood glucose levels after the glucose loading test (GLT), a non-fasting 50 gram glucose loading test taken at late 2 nd trimester. Trimester-specific associations between specific gravity adjusted methylparaben, butylparaben, and propylparaben with adjusted mean of

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Urinary concentrations of parabens mixture and pregnancy glucose levels among women from a fertility clinic

Bellavia

Chiu

Brown

et al. 2019

Environmental Research

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“…The direct and inverse associations between parabens and adiposity-related traits which we observed in this study did not reach significance. A recent study by Kolatorova et al showed higher concentrations of MeP and PrP in serum of obese compared to normal-weight individuals 65 , supporting the findings in a large Korean cohort 66 . Yet, a large cross-sectional study including 4,730 adults from NHANES found inverse associations between parabens and adiposity 36 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in the Dutch general population is associated with adiposity-related traits

Meer

Faassen

Beek

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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endocrine Disrupting chemicals (eDcs) have been linked to a variety of cardiometabolic diseases. Yet, few studies have investigated the exposure to eDcs and cardiometabolic health taking lifestyle into account. We aimed to assess exposure to five parabens, three bisphenols and thirteen metabolites of in total eight phthalates in a general Dutch population and to investigate their association with cardiometabolic traits. In 662 adult subjects from the population-based Lifelines cohort, 21 EDC analytes were measured in 24-hour urine collected in 2012, using LC-MS/MS. Association analyses between cardiometabolic traits and eDc concentrations were performed using multivariate linear models adjusting for age, sex, education, smoking, diabetes, physical activity and caloric intake. Quartile analyses were performed to assess linearity. Bisphenol A, four parabens and eight phthalate metabolites were detected in 84-100% of the samples. Adjusted associations for MiBP and MBzP and adiposity-related traits were robust for multiple testing (Beta's, BMI: 1.12, 2.52; waist circumference: 0.64, 1.56, respectively; FDR < 0.009). Associations for triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, glucose and blood pressure were not. Linearity was confirmed for significant associations. Exposure to EDCs in the Dutch population is ubiquitous. We found direct associations between phthalates and adiposity-related traits. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings. During the past decades, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have risen to epidemic proportions 1,2. These diseases are responsible for severe complications including myocardial infarction, stroke, blindness, lower limb amputation and renal failure, and are strongly correlated with a collection of asymptomatic cardiometabolic abnormalities such as (central) obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, elevated triglycerides, a low HDL-cholesterol, and hypertension 3,4. A combination of at least three of the above stated cardiovascular abnormalities defines the metabolic syndrome (MetS) 1. Risk factors include a combination of genetic predisposition and lifestyle (e.g. lack of physical activity, imbalanced diet). Meanwhile, a wide variety of synthetic chemicals have been introduced in our environment, some of which have been shown to cause metabolic disruptions in animal and human studies 5. Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) such as parabens, phenols and phthalates have been shown to be associated with the MetS 6,7 , obesity 8,9 and T2D 10,11. These EDCs have in common that they are widely used as preservatives and plasticizers and can therefore be found in a wide variety of consumer products. Exposure occurs through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact 12,13. Although parabens, phenols and phthalates have in common that they are metabolized and excreted fairly quickly (i.e. half-lives <24 h) and therefore are considered non-persistent 14-16 , exposure is ubiquitous throughout life and reported to be global 17-20. However, to date little is known about exposure...

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“…Similar to other reports on populations of Korea, among the temple stay participants, urinary EtP concentrations detected were higher, compared with those of PrP [15,23,25]. The levels of EtP in the urine measured before the temple stay were in a similar range to that reported for other Korean populations, for example, at approximately 30 µg/L.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In the Korean population, parabens are also frequently detected in urines. Unlike other countries, however, EtP is detected at higher levels in the urine of Korean people [15,[23][24][25], which are generally >10 times higher compared with those observed in populations of other countries such as China, India, Belgium, Denmark, and the U.S.A., that is, on average, around 30 µg/L among Korean versus <2 µg/L in other countries [23,[26][27][28]. Though potential contribution from dietary sources has been suggested [15], information on exposure sources and pathways of EtP among the Korean population is not available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Influence of Vegetarian Dietary Intervention on Urinary Paraben Concentrations: A Pilot Study with ‘Temple Stay’ Participants

Kim

et al. 2020

Toxics

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Personal care products and cosmetics have been identified as major sources of paraben exposure among humans. However, the contribution of dietary factors has not been well understood. We recruited temple stay participants (n = 25) who followed a strict Buddhist vegetarian diet during a five-day period, and assessed the influence of this lifestyle change, employing their urine samples collected before and after the temple stay. Before the temple stay, methylparaben (MeP) was detected at the highest levels, followed by ethylparaben (EtP), propylparaben (PrP), butylparaben (BuP), and benzophenones (BPs) in the urine samples. Following the temple stay, the urinary EtP concentrations remarkably increased from 14.0 to 105 μg/L, and were around two orders of magnitude higher than those reported from other countries. Dietary factors associated with the temple diet may partly explain the increase, because EtP is allowed in Korea for seasoning and condiments, which are frequently added in vegetarian diets. Following the temple stay, however, MeP, PrP, and BPs did not show significant decreasing trends. In contrast, BuP levels decreased significantly, especially in male urine samples, that is, from 3.60 to 1.03 μ/L, suggesting a reduced use of certain personal care products during the temple stay. Our observations outline the potential importance of dietary factors on EtP exposure, and might help explain its high exposure levels among Korean population.

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Urinary concentrations of parabens and their association with demographic factors: A population-based cross-sectional study

Cited by 111 publications

References 35 publications

Urinary concentrations of parabens mixture and pregnancy glucose levels among women from a fertility clinic

Urinary concentrations of parabens mixture and pregnancy glucose levels among women from a fertility clinic

Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in the Dutch general population is associated with adiposity-related traits

Influence of Vegetarian Dietary Intervention on Urinary Paraben Concentrations: A Pilot Study with ‘Temple Stay’ Participants

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