Urinary di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites for detecting transfusion of autologous blood stored in plasticizer‐free bags

Leuenberger, Nicolas; Barras, Laura; Nicoli, Raul; Robinson, Neil; Baume, N; Lion, Niels; Barelli, Stefano; Tissot, Jean‐Daniel; Saugy, Martial

doi:10.1111/trf.13408

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Moreover, the efficacy of the test could be further increased by adding other cost-effective biomarkers as part of "ironomics" such as TSAT, ferritin, and erythroferrone, a new discovered protein involved in erythropoiesis and iron metabolism [41,42]. Other biomarkers such as urinary plasticizers metabolites [19] and circulating miRNAs [25] could be combined with the "ironomics" strategy to increase the specificity and sensitivity of ABT detection. WBCs and CRP are cost-effective markers related to inflammation.…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepcidin as a new biomarker for detecting autologous blood transfusion

et al. 2016

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Autologous blood transfusion (ABT) is an efficient way to increase sport performance. It is also the most challenging doping method to detect. At present, individual follow-up of haematological variables via the athlete biological passport (ABP) is used to detect it. Quantification of a novel hepatic peptide called hepcidin may be a new alternative to detect ABT. In this prospective clinical trial, healthy subjects received a saline injection for the control phase, after which they donated blood that was stored and then transfused 36 days later. The impact of ABT on hepcidin as well as haematological parameters, iron metabolism, and inflammation markers was investigated. Blood transfusion had a particularly marked effect on hepcidin concentrations compared to the other biomarkers, which included haematological variables. Hepcidin concentrations increased significantly: 12 hr and 1 day after blood reinfusion, these concentrations rose by seven-and fourfold, respectively. No significant change was observed in the control phase. Hepcidin quantification is a cost-effective strategy that could be used in an "ironomics" strategy to improve the detection of ABT.

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Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, hepcidin concentration was measured in blood samples from a previous two-phase ABT clinical trial [19] and an athlete population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepcidin as a new biomarker for detecting autologous blood transfusion

et al. 2016

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“…Fifteen healthy male volunteers (age range, 20–35 years; body mass index, 18–30), that were eligible for blood donation according to national regulations, were included in the study approved by the human research ethics committee of the Canton de Vaud (Switzerland; Protocol 06/14). Details regarding the clinical trial were previously described (NCT02423135) . Briefly, during the control phase, all volunteers were infused with 500 mL of saline solution (NaCl 0.9%, B.Braun, Crissier, Switzerland).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic biomarkers of altered erythropoiesis to detect autologous blood transfusion

Salamin

Mignot

Kuuranne

et al. 2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Autologous blood transfusion is a powerful means of improving performance and remains one of the most challenging methods to detect. Recent investigations have identified 3 candidate reticulocytes genes whose expression was significantly influenced by blood transfusion. Using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction as an alternative quantitative method, the present study supports that delta-aminolevulinate synthase 2 (ALAS2), carbonic anhydrase (CA1), and solute carrier family 4 member 1 (SLC4A1) genes are down-regulated post-transfusion. The expression of these genes exhibited stronger correlation with immature reticulocyte fraction than with reticulocytes percentage. Moreover, the repression of reticulocytes' gene expression was more pronounced than the diminution of immature reticulocyte fraction and reticulocyte percentage following blood transfusion. It suggests that the 3 candidate genes are reliable predictors of bone marrow's response to blood transfusion and that they represent potential biomarkers for the detection of this method prohibited in sports.

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“…The analysis of 185 elite athletes’ samples yielded mean and median values of 5.1 and 4.2 nM (13.8 and 11.3 ng/mL), respectively, suggesting the use of intra‐individual reference ranges in the context of the APB rather than population‐based threshold levels. Urine samples of the study participants were used to determine whether DEHP‐free blood bags would exclude the option of measuring the urinary metabolites of DEHP as additional markers for blood transfusions . Of note, whilst one model of blood bags was referred to as DEHP‐free, a substantial amount of DEHP was determined in the device as well as the utilized tubing and white blood cell filter unit, resulting in the detection of mono‐(2‐carboxymethylhexyl) phthalate in urine up to 24 h post transfusion.…”

Section: Manipulation Of Blood and Blood Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual banned‐substance review: analytical approaches in human sports drug testing

Thevis

Kuuranne

Geyer

et al. 2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

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There has been an immense amount of visibility of doping issues on the international stage over the past 12 months with the complexity of doping controls reiterated on various occasions. Hence, analytical test methods continuously being updated, expanded, and improved to provide specific, sensitive, and comprehensive test results in line with the World Anti-Doping Agency's (WADA) 2016 Prohibited List represent one of several critical cornerstones of doping controls. This enterprise necessitates expediting the (combined) exploitation of newly generated information on novel and/or superior target analytes for sports drug testing assays, drug elimination profiles, alternative test matrices, and recent advances in instrumental developments. This paper is a continuation of the series of annual banned-substance reviews appraising the literature published between October 2015 and September 2016 concerning human sports drug testing in the context of WADA's 2016 Prohibited List. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Urinary di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites for detecting transfusion of autologous blood stored in plasticizer‐free bags

Abstract: The BTHC bag contained DEHP, despite being labeled DEHP-free. Urinary DEHP metabolite measurement is a cost-effective way to detect ABT in the antidoping field even when BTHC bags are used for blood storage.

Cited by 23 publications

References 20 publications

Hepcidin as a new biomarker for detecting autologous blood transfusion

Hepcidin as a new biomarker for detecting autologous blood transfusion

Transcriptomic biomarkers of altered erythropoiesis to detect autologous blood transfusion

Annual banned‐substance review: analytical approaches in human sports drug testing

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