Urinary Excretion of Nitric Oxide Metabolites in Runners, Sedentary Individuals and Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: Effects of 42 km Marathon, 15 km Race and a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program

Rodriguez-Plaza, Luis; Alfieri, Anna B.; Cubeddu, Luigi X.

doi:10.1177/174182679700400509

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…A 12 wk cardiac rehabilitation program was associated with a 150% increase in the excretion of NO metabolites. The increase in NO metabolite excretion was in proportion to the increase in functional capacity as a result of training (102).…”

Section: Coronary Diseasementioning

confidence: 89%

Nitric oxide‐mediated metabolic regulation during exercise: effects of training in health and cardiovascular disease

2000

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Accumulating data suggest that nitric oxide (NO) is important for both coronary and peripheral hemodynamic control and metabolic regulation during exercise. Although still controversial, NO of endothelial origin may potentiate exercise-induced hyperemia. Mechanisms of release include both acetylcholine derived from the neuromuscular junction and elevation in vascular shear stress. A splice variant of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS), nNOSmu, is expressed in human skeletal muscle. In addition to being a potential modulator of blood flow, NO from skeletal muscle regulates muscle contraction and metabolism. In particular, recent human data indicate that NO plays a role in muscle glucose uptake during exercise independently of blood flow. Exercise training in healthy individuals elevates NO bioavailability through a variety of mechanisms including increased NOS enzyme expression and activity. Such adaptations likely contribute to increased exercise capacity and cardiovascular protection. Cardiovascular risk factors including hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking as well as established disease are associated with impairment of the various NO systems. Given that NO is an important signaling mechanism during exercise, such impairment may contribute to limitations in exercise capacity through inadequate coronary or peripheral perfusion and via metabolic effects. Exercise training in individuals with elevated cardiovascular risk or established disease can increase NO bioavailability and may represent an important mechanism by which exercise training conveys benefit in the setting of secondary prevention.

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Section: Coronary Diseasementioning

confidence: 89%

Nitric oxide‐mediated metabolic regulation during exercise: effects of training in health and cardiovascular disease

2000

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“…Urinary excretion of NO metabolites increases with increasing levels of chronic physical activity [30] and, in patients with cardiovascular disease, levels of urinary NO metabolites increase in direct relationship with the gain in functional capacity, suggesting that increased NO production may be a major adaptive mechanism by which aerobic exercise training benefits the cardiovascular system [30].…”

Section: Figure 4 Correlation Analysis Between Nox and Sbf In The Whomentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of age and physical fitness on microcirculatory function

et al. 2004

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Sedentary aging is associated with endothelial dysfunction and nitric oxide (NO) impairment. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of regular physical exercise on nitrite/nitrate (NOx) concentrations and microcirculatory function in older men compared with young individuals. We measured NOx plasma concentrations and baseline and stimulated skin blood flow (SBF) by laser Doppler flowmetry in 39 male athletes [range, 22-72 years; maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), 60.0 +/- 4.7 ml.min(-1).kg of body weight(-1) (mean +/- S.D.)] and 45 age- and sex-matched sedentary controls (VO2max, 38.0 +/- 7.1 ml.min(-1).kg of body weight(-1)). NOx concentrations were higher in athletes than in controls (50.4 +/- 16.3 compared with 39.0 +/- 15.4 micromol/l; P<0.005), whereas baseline SBF was comparable. Hand SBF after heating and ischaemia and foot SBF after heating were higher in athletes (P<0.0001) than in controls. By comparing the lowest and the highest tertile of age, sedentary young subjects had higher NOx concentrations than sedentary older subjects (43.3 +/- 13.4 compared with 31.8 +/- 12.2 micromol/l respectively; P<0.05). Exercise abolished this difference (49.1 +/- 9.6 micromol/l for young subjects and 52.1 +/- 11.5 micromol/l for older subjects; not significant). Resting SBF was similar in all the subgroups, but stimulated SBFs were lower in both subgroups of untrained compared with trained subjects. NOx concentrations were positively correlated with VO2max (r=0.46, P<0.001). Stimulated SBFs were correlated with NOx (r>0.30, P<0.05). These findings show that chronic exercise may improve endothelial function in older (and young) men, probably by increasing NO availability.

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“…Interestingly, the increase in NO metabolite excretion was in proportion to the increase in functional capacity as a result of training. 142 …”

Section: Effects Of Exercise Training On No Function In Cardiovasculamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric Oxide As A Metabolic Regulator During Exercise: Effects Of Training In Health And Disease

Kingwell¹

2000

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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SUMMARY1. Accumulating animal and human data suggest that nitric oxide (NO) is important for both coronary and peripheral haemodynamic control and metabolic regulation during performance of exercise.2. While still controversial, NO of endothelial origin is thought to potentiate exercise-induced hyperaemia, both in the peripheral and coronary circulations. The mechanism of release may include both acetylcholine derived from the neuromuscular junction and vascular shear stress.3. A splice variant of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS), nNOS, incorporating an extra 34 amino acids, is expressed in human skeletal muscle. In addition to being a potential modulator of blood flow, skeletal muscle-derived NO is an important regulator of muscle contraction and metabolism. In particular, recent human data indicate that NO modulates muscle glucose uptake during exercise, independently of blood flow.4. Exercise training in healthy individuals promotes adaptations in the various NO systems, which can increase NO bioavailability through a variety of mechanisms, including increased NOS enzyme expression and activity. Such adaptations likely contribute to increased exercise capacity and protection from cardiovascular events.5. Cardiovascular risk factors, including hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension, diabetes and smoking, as well as established disease, are associated with impairment of the various NO systems. Given that NO is an important signalling mechanism during exercise, such impairment may contribute to limitations in exercise capacity through inadequate coronary or peripheral blood delivery and via metabolic effects.6. Exercise training in individuals with elevated cardiovascular risk or established disease can increase NO bioavailability and may represent an important mechanism by which exercise training provides benefit in the setting of secondary prevention.

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Urinary Excretion of Nitric Oxide Metabolites in Runners, Sedentary Individuals and Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: Effects of 42 km Marathon, 15 km Race and a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Nitric oxide‐mediated metabolic regulation during exercise: effects of training in health and cardiovascular disease

Nitric oxide‐mediated metabolic regulation during exercise: effects of training in health and cardiovascular disease

Effects of age and physical fitness on microcirculatory function

Nitric Oxide As A Metabolic Regulator During Exercise: Effects Of Training In Health And Disease

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