Urinary Incontinence

Self-Reported Urge Urinary Incontinence (UUI) Among Older Mexican–American Men: Risk Factors and Psycho-Social Consequences

“…Urinary incontinence is associated with urinary tract infections, skin breakdowns, falls, fractures and is a prognostic indicator of mortality (6–8). It can also impact their quality of life, due to decreases in psychological and social well-being (6;7). Additionally, urinary incontinence represents an economic burden.…”

“…Urinary incontinence may vary by gender because aging-related conditions affect the lower urinary tract differently for men and women. In men, the bladder contractibility and capacity decrease and the prostate tends to enlarge with age, which are associated with becoming incontinent (7). Other factors associated with UUI among men include fecal incontinence, arthritis, stroke, limitations in activities of daily living, memory problems and the use of narcotics, laxatives and diuretics (for an overview, see references 7,10,11).…”

Neurological disorders in the ageing population and their urological implications

“…Firing occurs in certain neurological disease such as multiple sclerosis [ 9] and can be induced by chemical irritation [ 10, 11] leading to excitation with an empty bladder and increased activation with bladder distension, resulting in frequency, urgency and urge incontinence. Capsaicin is a potent neurotoxin that causes desensitization of these silent c‐fibres, does not affect micturition in normal animals and may be useful in managing certain patients [ 12]. Other afferent myelinated and unmyelinated fibres carry nocioceptive information from mechanoreceptors to the lumbar cord via the sympathetic nerves.…”

“…Although many cures for incontinence require comprehension and compliance by the patient, which are unlikely to be present in severely demented patients, incontinence should not be regarded as inevitable or untreatable in such individuals. A holistic approach is essential to diagnose the cause successfully and exclude precipitating factors not associated with cognitive impairment or urological conditions, many of which respond to medical treatment [ 12].…”

Treatment of Urinary Incontinence: The Place of Drugs

“…Resnick [6] in 1985 described a mixed form of urinary incontinence. These patients have involuntary bladder contractions and hyperreflexia and do not empty their bladder com pletely, in the absence of anatomic and neu rologic obstruction.…”