Urinary mercury excretion in chloralkali workers after the cessation of exposure.

Ellingsen, Dag G.; Thomassen, Yngvar; Langård, Sverre; Kjuus, Helge

doi:10.5271/sjweh.1466

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, such fluctuation would likely bias the study results toward the null because a subject’s fish consumption may either increase or decrease during the 2–6 months before the survey. Seventh, day-to-day variability in urinary mercury excretion has been reported to average 22% among samples taken on three consecutive days (Ellingsen et al 1993). However, this magnitude of variation is modest, and the likely impact would be to bias the results toward the null.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of Modifying Effects of Metallothionein Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms on the Association between Mercury Exposure and Biomarker Levels

Wang

Goodrich

Gillespie

et al. 2012

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Recent studies have suggested that several genes that mediate mercury metabolism are polymorphic in humans.Objective: We hypothesized that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in metallothionein (MT) genes may underlie interindividual differences in mercury biomarker levels. We studied the potential modifying effects of MT SNPs on mercury exposure–biomarker relationships.Methods: We measured total mercury in urine and hair samples of 515 dental professionals. We also surveyed occupational and personal exposures to dental amalgam and dietary fish consumption, from which daily methylmercury (MeHg) intake was estimated. Log-transformed urine and hair levels were modeled in multivariable linear regression separately against respective exposure surrogates, and the effect modification of 13 MT SNPs on exposure was investigated.Results: The mean mercury levels in urine (1.06 μg/L) and hair (0.51 μg/g) were not significantly different from the U.S. general population (0.95 μg/L and 0.47 μg/g, respectively). The mean estimated daily MeHg intake was 0.084 μg/kg/day (range, 0–0.98 μg/kg/day), with 25% of study population intakes exceeding the current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reference dose of 0.1 μg/kg/day. Multivariate regression analysis showed that subjects with the MT1M (rs2270837) AA genotype (n = 10) or the MT2A (rs10636) CC genotype (n = 42) had lower urinary mercury levels than did those with the MT1M or MT2A GG genotype (n = 329 and 251, respectively) after controlling for exposure and potential confounders. After controlling for MeHg intake, subjects with MT1A (rs8052394) GA and GG genotypes (n = 24) or the MT1M (rs9936741) TT genotype (n = 459) had lower hair mercury levels than did subjects with MT1A AA (n = 113) or MT1M TC and CC genotypes (n = 15), respectively.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that some MT genetic polymorphisms may influence mercury biomarker concentrations at levels of exposure relevant to the general population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of Modifying Effects of Metallothionein Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms on the Association between Mercury Exposure and Biomarker Levels

Wang

Goodrich

Gillespie

et al. 2012

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Hence one could speculate mechanistically that, after exposure cessation, the U-NAG activity would decrease. This decrease might be related to the decrease in U-Hg, which occurs with a half-time of about 60-80 days (31). After the normalization of U-NAG, the normal process of ageing might occur in the previously exposed persons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal function of chloralkali workers after the cessation of exposure to mercury vapor

Efskind¹,

Ellingsen²,

Hartman³

et al. 2006

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…In a 3 week follow-up of six workers with long-term exposure to inorganic mercury (mercury vapour), a fast initial decrease in the urinary mercury concentration was observed with a halftime of approximately 3 d, followed by a slow excretion phase with an elimination rate constant of 0.01 d 21 . 7 In another study of long-term elimination of mercury, a group of 17 workers were on average followed for more than a year and the median half-time for elimination of occupationally acquired mercury was found to be close to 75 d with a range from 27 to 96 d. 8 It was not clear whether the variation in half-times depended on duration of exposure, which in this study group varied from 3 d to 35 years. Other authors, based on comparisons of elimination half-times in workers exposed for short or longer periods, have suggested the presence of different compartments for mercury deposition with different elimination half-times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Strain dependence of steady-state retention and elimination of mercury in mice after prolonged exposure to mercury(II) chloride†

Nielsen¹,

Hultman²

1998

Analyst

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Previous studies have demonstrated that the toxicokinetics of a single oral dose of inorganic mercury in mice depends on the specific strain. The strain dependent kinetics were attributed primarily to differences in intestinal Hg2+ absorption. Elimination kinetics have been difficult to evaluate, however, as the majority of a single oral dose will pass through the gastrointestinal tract unabsorbed. Therefore, in contrast to previous studies, in this study exposure to inorganic mercury in drinking water for a prolonged time period was used in order to reach a steady state for whole-body retention of mercury. The exposure level (5 mg l-1) was sufficiently low to exclude gastrointestinal toxicity. The steady-state retention of mercury was established in four inbred mouse strains (B10.S, DBA, A.SW and SJL). The DBA strain reached the highest whole-body steady state level of mercury (19 micrograms Hg) whereas B10.S mice, when considering the drinking water consumption, had the lowest steady-state retention of mercury (15 micrograms Hg). Analysis of the whole-body elimination of mercury after 12 weeks of drinking water exposure indicated that variations in the elimination kinetics could explain a large fraction of the observed strain differences in the steady-state retention of mercury. Thus, the approximate half-time for elimination of aged mercury depots was longest in DBA mice (83 d) and shortest in B10.S mice (44 d). Further, the observed organ depositions indicated that differences in the transport of mercury from the liver to kidney might also explain some of the differences in the elimination kinetics.

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Urinary mercury excretion in chloralkali workers after the cessation of exposure.

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

An Investigation of Modifying Effects of Metallothionein Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms on the Association between Mercury Exposure and Biomarker Levels

An Investigation of Modifying Effects of Metallothionein Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms on the Association between Mercury Exposure and Biomarker Levels

Renal function of chloralkali workers after the cessation of exposure to mercury vapor

Strain dependence of steady-state retention and elimination of mercury in mice after prolonged exposure to mercury(II) chloride†

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