Urinary metabolite concentrations of organophosphorous pesticides, bisphenol A, and phthalates among pregnant women in Rotterdam, the Netherlands: The Generation R study

Ye, Xibiao; Pierik, Frank H.; Hauser, Russ; Duty, Susan; Angerer, Jürgen; M., Park, Melissa; Burdorf, Alex; Hofman, Albert; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Mackenbach, Johan P.; Steegers, Eric A.P.; Tiemeier, Henning; Longnecker, Matthew P.

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2008.07.014

Cited by 286 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…First, in a study examining spot urine samples collected from 100 pregnant Dutch women, Ye et al (2008b) detected total BPA in 82% of samples, with a median concentration of 1.2 ng/mL urine, similar to the levels of BPA detected in other populations, including U.S. reference populations (Calafat et al 2005). An even larger study examined urine from 404 American women in their third trimester of pregnancy.…”

Section: Exposure Assessment From Urinary Measures Of Bpamentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary, Circulating, and Tissue Biomonitoring Studies Indicate Widespread Exposure to Bisphenol A

Vandenberg

Chahoud

Heindel³

et al. 2012

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

333

331

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Estudos de biomonitoração do sistema urinário, circulatório e tecidos indicam grande exposição ao Bisfenol A Resumo Bisfenol A (BPA) é um dos produtos quí-micos mais produzido em todo o mundo, e a exposição humana a ele é considerada onipresente. Assim, há preocupações de que a quantidade de BPA para o qual os seres humanos estão expostos podem causar efeitos adversos à saúde. Nós examinamos muitas possibilidades sobre o porquê estudos de biomonitorização e toxicocinética podem chegar a conclusões aparentemente conflitantes. Mais de 80 estudos publicados de biomonitorização humana que mediram a concentração de BPA em tecidos humanos, urina, sangue e outros fluidos, juntamente com dois estudos de toxicocinéti-ca do metabolismo humano BPA foram examinados. BPA não conjugado foi detectado no sangue (nonanogramas por mililitro gama), e BPA conjugado foi detectado na grande maioria das amostras de urina. Em contraste, estudos de toxico-cinética propuseram que os seres humanos não são internamente expostos ao BPA. Dados disponíveis de estudos de biomonitorização indicam que a população em geral está exposta ao BPA e em risco de exposição interna ao BPA não conjugado. Os dois estudos de toxicocinética, que sugeriram a exposição humana ao BPA é insignificante, têm deficiências significativas e estão diretamente refutados por outros estudos e, portanto não são confiáveis para fins de avaliação de risco. Palavras-chave Disruptor endócrino, Exposição humana, Modelo PBPK/PBTK, Gravidez, Avaliação de risco, Toxicocinética Abstract Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the highest-volume chemicals produced worldwide, and human exposure to BPA is thought to be ubiquitous. Thus, there are concerns that the amount of BPA to which humans are exposed may cause adverse health effects. We examined many possibilities for why biomonitoring and toxicokinetic studies could come to seemingly conflicting conclusions. More than 80 published human biomonitoring studies that measured BPA concentrations in human tissues, urine, blood, and other fluids, along with two toxicokinetic studies of human BPA metabolism were examined. Unconjugated BPA was routinely detected in blood (in the nanograms per milliliter range), and conjugated BPA was routinely detected in the vast majority of urine samples (also in the nanograms per milliliter range). In stark contrast, toxicokinetic studies proposed that humans are not internally exposed to BPA. Available data from biomonitoring studies clearly indicate that the general population is exposed to BPA and is at risk from internal exposure to unconjugated BPA. The two toxicokinetic studies that suggested human BPA exposure is negligible have significant deficiencies, are directly contradicted by hypothesis-driven studies, and are therefore not reliable for risk assessment purposes.

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Section: Exposure Assessment From Urinary Measures Of Bpamentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary, Circulating, and Tissue Biomonitoring Studies Indicate Widespread Exposure to Bisphenol A

Vandenberg

Chahoud

Heindel³

et al. 2012

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

333

331

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“…These urine samples are used for measurement of several environmental exposures, and metabolites. Urine samples have been used for measurement of Chlamydia, and pesticides, bisphenol A, and phthalates levels [155,156].…”

Section: Biological Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Generation R Study: design and cohort update 2012

et al. 2012

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The Generation R Study is a population-based prospective cohort study from fetal life until young adulthood. The study is designed to identify early environmental and genetic causes of normal and abnormal growth, development and health during fetal life, childhood and adulthood. The study focuses on four primary areas of research: (1) growth and physical development; (2) behavioural and cognitive development; (3) diseases in childhood; and (4) health and healthcare for pregnant women and children. In total, 9,778 mothers with a delivery date from April 2002 until January 2006 were enrolled in the study. General follow-up rates until the age of 4 years exceed 75%. Data collection in mothers, fathers and preschool children included questionnaires, detailed physical and ultrasound examinations, behavioural observations, and biological samples. A genome wide association screen is available in the participating children. Regular detailed hands on assessment are performed from the age of 5 years onwards. Eventually, results forthcoming from the Generation R Study have to contribute to the development of strategies for optimizing health and healthcare for pregnant women and children.

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“…Bisphenol A (BPA, 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol) is widely used to manufacture numerous plastic products including food can linings and clear plastic bottles and several population studies have reported a high degree of human exposure [4,42]. There is controversial data about the safety of these products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of prenatal exposure to bisphenol a on the vagina of albino rats: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

2014

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Urinary metabolite concentrations of organophosphorous pesticides, bisphenol A, and phthalates among pregnant women in Rotterdam, the Netherlands: The Generation R study

Cited by 286 publications

References 45 publications

Urinary, Circulating, and Tissue Biomonitoring Studies Indicate Widespread Exposure to Bisphenol A

Urinary, Circulating, and Tissue Biomonitoring Studies Indicate Widespread Exposure to Bisphenol A

The Generation R Study: design and cohort update 2012

Effect of prenatal exposure to bisphenol a on the vagina of albino rats: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

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